Biomaterial Database

Differential subcellular localization of two populations of glutamate/AMPA receptors in the rat telencephalon. 1994

S Standley, and N Irvin, and M Baudry

Neuroscience Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-2520.

The distribution of glutamate AMPA receptors in the synaptosomal and microsomal fractions of neonatal and adult rat telencephalon was studied by determining the saturation kinetics at equilibrium of 3H-AMPA and 3H-CNQX binding. At both ages, synaptosomal preparations exhibited two populations of 3H-AMPA binding sites with a small number of high affinity sites and a large number of low affinity sites. 3H-AMPA binding to microsomal preparations from both neonatal and adult rat telencephalon exhibited a much higher proportion of high affinity relative to low affinity sites. 3H-CNQX binding to the same fractions did not parallel 3H-AMPA binding, but was correlated with the low affinity 3H-AMPA binding and with a marker of plasma membranes. The results suggest that nonsynaptic glutamate/AMPA receptors have a high affinity for agonist and become low affinity when inserted into postsynaptic membranes and that 3H-CNQX binds synaptic but not nonsynaptic glutamate/AMPA receptors with high affinity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008861	Microsomes	Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)	Microsome
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013574	Synaptosomes	Pinched-off nerve endings and their contents of vesicles and cytoplasm together with the attached subsynaptic area of the membrane of the post-synaptic cell. They are largely artificial structures produced by fractionation after selective centrifugation of nervous tissue homogenates.	Synaptosome
D013687	Telencephalon	The anterior subdivision of the embryonic PROSENCEPHALON or the corresponding part of the adult prosencephalon that includes the cerebrum and associated structures.	Endbrain,Endbrains
D017207	Rats, Sprague-Dawley	A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.	Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats
D017470	Receptors, Glutamate	Cell-surface proteins that bind glutamate and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells. Glutamate receptors include ionotropic receptors (AMPA, kainate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors), which directly control ion channels, and metabotropic receptors which act through second messenger systems. Glutamate receptors are the most common mediators of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. They have also been implicated in the mechanisms of memory and of many diseases.	Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors,Glutamate Receptors,Receptors, Excitatory Amino Acid,Excitatory Amino Acid Receptor,Glutamate Receptor,Receptor, Glutamate
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D018091	Receptors, AMPA	A class of ionotropic glutamate receptors characterized by their affinity for the agonist AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid).	AMPA Receptors,Quisqualate Receptors,AMPA Receptor,Quisqualate Receptor,Receptor, AMPA,Receptor, Quisqualate,Receptors, Quisqualate