Biomaterial Database

Separation of drugs by packed column supercritical fluid chromatography. 1. Phenothiazine antipsychotics. 1994

T A Berger, and W H Wilson

Hewlett Packard Company, Wilmington, DE 19808.

Studies of speed, resolution, and sensitivity indicate packed column supercritical fluid chromatography is a viable technique for the analysis of antipsychotic drugs. Fourteen such drugs (mostly phenothiazines) were studied from a cyanopropyl liquid chromatography packed column with a tertiary mobile phase of carbon dioxide, methanol, and isopropylamine. An arbitrary mix of 10 components was baseline resolved in approximately 11 min. Detection limits were as low as 125 ppb, with a feasible 10-fold decrease. Without the isopropylamine in the mobile phase, none of the solutes eluted. With the additive, all produced symmetrical peaks and high efficiency (i.e., > 80% of theoretical). Changing modifier concentration was the most effective physical parameter for changing retention but had little effect on selectivity. Temperature changes had a modest effect on retention but provided surprisingly large changes in selectivity, with numerous peak reversals occurring over only a 30 degrees C temperature range. In addition, temperature programming was the most effective means to optimize resolution of the 10-component mix. No noticeable loss in efficiency accompanied the temperature programs.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007202	Indicators and Reagents	Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)	Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D010640	Phenothiazines	Compounds containing dibenzo-1,4-thiazine. Some of them are neuroactive.
D011312	Pressure	A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Pressures
D002853	Chromatography, Liquid	Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.	Liquid Chromatography
D013056	Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet	Determination of the spectra of ultraviolet absorption by specific molecules in gases or liquids, for example Cl2, SO2, NO2, CS2, ozone, mercury vapor, and various unsaturated compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
D013696	Temperature	The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.	Temperatures
D014150	Antipsychotic Agents	Agents that control agitated psychotic behavior, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. They are used in SCHIZOPHRENIA; senile dementia; transient psychosis following surgery; or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; etc. These drugs are often referred to as neuroleptics alluding to the tendency to produce neurological side effects, but not all antipsychotics are likely to produce such effects. Many of these drugs may also be effective against nausea, emesis, and pruritus.	Antipsychotic,Antipsychotic Agent,Antipsychotic Drug,Antipsychotic Medication,Major Tranquilizer,Neuroleptic,Neuroleptic Agent,Neuroleptic Drug,Neuroleptics,Tranquilizing Agents, Major,Antipsychotic Drugs,Antipsychotic Effect,Antipsychotic Effects,Antipsychotics,Major Tranquilizers,Neuroleptic Agents,Neuroleptic Drugs,Tranquillizing Agents, Major,Agent, Antipsychotic,Agent, Neuroleptic,Drug, Antipsychotic,Drug, Neuroleptic,Effect, Antipsychotic,Major Tranquilizing Agents,Major Tranquillizing Agents,Medication, Antipsychotic,Tranquilizer, Major