Biomaterial Database

A comparison of clearances on tidal peritoneal dialysis and intermittent peritoneal dialysis. 1994

B Piraino, and F Bender, and J Bernardini

Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

OBJECTIVE To compare the small molecule clearances on tidal peritoneal dialysis (TPD) and intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD), controlling for dialysate flow rate. METHODS Alternating 8-hour treatments on IPD and TPD (2 of each in 6 patients), each treatment separated by 3 or more days [patients returning to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in the interim] were performed. IPD treatments consisted of 15 exchanges with 2 L/exchange for a total of 30 L/treatment. TPD treatments consisted of 29 exchanges, with an initial fill volume of 2 L, followed by 1 L tidal volume for the subsequent exchanges (reserve volume of 1 L) for a total of 30 L/treatment. METHODS Six patients, with a mean dialysate/plasma (D/P) creatinine as determined by the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) of 0.64 +/- 0.10, were studied. Four had a low-average D/P creatinine, while 2 had a high-average D/P creatinine. METHODS Urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphate, and potassium clearances on TPD and IPD were compared using the paired t-test. RESULTS The dialysate flow rates were 3.7 +/- 0.1 L/hour for IPD and 3.8 +/- 0.2 L/hour for TPD. The mean dialysate dextrose was 1.9 +/- 0.5 g/dL for both. The creatinine clearances were 9 +/- 2 versus 10 +/- 3 mL/minute, the urea nitrogen clearances 19 +/- 3 versus 20 +/- 3 mL/minute, and phosphate clearances 10 +/- 3 versus 11 +/- 3 mL/minute for IPD and TPD, respectively (all not different). The ultrafiltration rates were 2.9 +/- 0.9 mL/minute on IPD and 3.3 +/- 1.6 mL/minute on TPD (not different). On both IPD and TPD the clearances of urea nitrogen, creatinine, and phosphate for the 2 patients with high-average D/P creatinine were higher than for the 4 patients with low-average D/P creatinine. CONCLUSIONS When the dialysate flow rate is controlled and a TPD prescription of 1 L reserve and tidal volumes is used, the small molecule clearances on IPD are similar to those on TPD.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007676	Kidney Failure, Chronic	The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.	ESRD,End-Stage Renal Disease,Renal Disease, End-Stage,Renal Failure, Chronic,Renal Failure, End-Stage,Chronic Kidney Failure,End-Stage Kidney Disease,Chronic Renal Failure,Disease, End-Stage Kidney,Disease, End-Stage Renal,End Stage Kidney Disease,End Stage Renal Disease,End-Stage Renal Failure,Kidney Disease, End-Stage,Renal Disease, End Stage,Renal Failure, End Stage
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010530	Peritoneal Dialysis	Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous or an intermittent procedure.	Dialyses, Peritoneal,Dialysis, Peritoneal,Peritoneal Dialyses
D010531	Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory	Portable peritoneal dialysis using the continuous (24 hours a day, 7 days a week) presence of peritoneal dialysis solution in the peritoneal cavity except for periods of drainage and instillation of fresh solution.	CAPD,Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
D010537	Peritoneum	A membrane of squamous EPITHELIAL CELLS, the mesothelial cells, covered by apical MICROVILLI that allow rapid absorption of fluid and particles in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. The peritoneum is divided into parietal and visceral components. The parietal peritoneum covers the inside of the ABDOMINAL WALL. The visceral peritoneum covers the intraperitoneal organs. The double-layered peritoneum forms the MESENTERY that suspends these organs from the abdominal wall.	Parietal Peritoneum,Peritoneum, Parietal,Peritoneum, Visceral,Visceral Peritoneum,Parametrium,Parametriums
D010710	Phosphates	Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.	Inorganic Phosphate,Phosphates, Inorganic,Inorganic Phosphates,Orthophosphate,Phosphate,Phosphate, Inorganic
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D001806	Blood Urea Nitrogen	The urea concentration of the blood stated in terms of nitrogen content. Serum (plasma) urea nitrogen is approximately 12% higher than blood urea nitrogen concentration because of the greater protein content of red blood cells. Increases in blood or serum urea nitrogen are referred to as azotemia and may have prerenal, renal, or postrenal causes. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)	BUN,Nitrogen, Blood Urea,Urea Nitrogen, Blood
D003404	Creatinine		Creatinine Sulfate Salt,Krebiozen,Salt, Creatinine Sulfate,Sulfate Salt, Creatinine