Biomaterial Database

Studies on plasma corticosteroids in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). 1975

K D Setchell, and C H Shackleton, and R L Himsworth

The physiological regulation of the plasma corticosteroid concentration, measured by competitive protein-binding, was studied in female rhesus monkeys (M. mulatta) sedated with phencyclidine hydrochloride. Morning basal levels of plasma corticosteroids were found to be in the range 8-0-25-2 mug/100 ml, which is lower than that previously reported in this species. A circadian rhythm in plasma cortisol concentration was demonstrated. Prolonged sedation with phencyclidine was associated with a gradual increase in the plasma cortisol concentration. Synthetic alpha1-24 adrenocorticotrophic hormone given intravenously caused a rapid rise in plasma cortisol, the minimum effective dose was between 1 and 10 ng/kg body weight and the response was maximal after 1000 ng/kg. The administration of lysine-vasopressin and the induction of hypoglycaemia by insulin were both followed by an increase in the plasma corticosteroid concentration. Metyrapone caused a decline in plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and a concomitant increase in total corticosteroids measured by competitive protein-binding. It is concluded that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system in the rhesus monkey functions in a manner which is qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that of man.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D008236	Lypressin	The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VASOPRESSIN by one amino acid, containing a LYSINE at residue 8 instead of an ARGININE. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.	Lysine Vasopressin,Vasopressin, Lysine,8-Lysine Vasopressin,Diapid,Lys-Vasopressin,Lysyl Vasopressin,Postacton,8 Lysine Vasopressin,Lys Vasopressin,Vasopressin, 8-Lysine,Vasopressin, Lysyl
D008251	Macaca	A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of 16 species inhabiting forests of Africa, Asia, and the islands of Borneo, Philippines, and Celebes.	Ape, Barbary,Ape, Black,Ape, Celebes,Barbary Ape,Black Ape,Celebes Ape,Macaque,Apes, Barbary,Apes, Black,Apes, Celebes,Barbary Apes,Black Apes,Celebes Apes,Macacas,Macaques
D008253	Macaca mulatta	A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.	Chinese Rhesus Macaques,Macaca mulatta lasiota,Monkey, Rhesus,Rhesus Monkey,Rhesus Macaque,Chinese Rhesus Macaque,Macaca mulatta lasiotas,Macaque, Rhesus,Rhesus Macaque, Chinese,Rhesus Macaques,Rhesus Macaques, Chinese,Rhesus Monkeys
D008797	Metyrapone	An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.	Methbipyranone,Methopyrapone,Metopiron,Metopirone,Métopirone,SU 4885
D010622	Phencyclidine	A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.	1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine,Angel Dust,CL-395,GP-121,Phencyclidine Hydrobromide,Phencyclidine Hydrochloride,Sernyl,Serylan,CL 395,CL395,Dust, Angel,GP 121,GP121
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002940	Circadian Rhythm	The regular recurrence, in cycles of about 24 hours, of biological processes or activities, such as sensitivity to drugs or environmental and physiological stimuli.	Diurnal Rhythm,Nyctohemeral Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythm,Nycthemeral Rhythm,Circadian Rhythms,Diurnal Rhythms,Nycthemeral Rhythms,Nyctohemeral Rhythms,Rhythm, Circadian,Rhythm, Diurnal,Rhythm, Nycthemeral,Rhythm, Nyctohemeral,Rhythm, Twenty-Four Hour,Rhythms, Circadian,Rhythms, Diurnal,Rhythms, Nycthemeral,Rhythms, Nyctohemeral,Rhythms, Twenty-Four Hour,Twenty Four Hour Rhythm,Twenty-Four Hour Rhythms
D003366	Cosyntropin	A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of CORTICOSTEROIDS in the ADRENAL CORTEX.	ACTH (1-24),Tetracosactide,Tetracosactrin,1-24-ACTH,1-24-Corticotropin,ACTH 1-24,Corticotropin (1-24)-Peptide,Corticotropin (1-24)-Tetracosapeptide,Cortosyn,Cortrosyn,Synthetic ACTH,Tetracosapeptide,ACTH, Synthetic
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response