Physiology and morphology of spiking local interneurons in the terminal abdominal ganglion of the crayfish. 1993

T Nagayama, and Y Isogai, and H Namba
Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Not only nonspiking local interneurons but also spiking local interneurons in the terminal abdominal ganglion of the crayfish (Procambarus clarkii Girard) contribute to form the motor output of the uropod. In this study, 14 spiking local interneurons are identified by their gross morphology and physiological properties including the sensory inputs from the uropod and premotor output onto the uropod motor neurons on both sides. Morphologically, they are divided into three groups based on the position of their somata: anterior, medial, and posterior. The main branches of interneurons in each group are usually extended on the side contralateral to the soma, or they have profuse bilateral branches. Physiologically, all of them receive excitatory inputs from the afferents innervating the exopodite on the side ipsilateral their main branches. They are usually silent, and spike only in response to sensory stimulation. The majority of them (11 out of 14 neurons) have output effects on the uropod motor neurons that elicit reciprocally closing pattern. They increased the activity of the closer motor neurons and decreased the activity of the opener motor neurons. Only one interneuron inhibits the closer motor neurons. The remaining two interneurons coactivate both the antagonistic motor neurons. Since the reciprocal closing pattern of the uropod motor neurons is elicited in response to sensory stimulation of the uropod, spiking local interneurons may initiate this local reflex circuit. They detect the initiation of the stimulus and convey signals from the sensory to the motor side.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007395 Interneurons Most generally any NEURONS which are not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose AXONS remain within a particular brain region in contrast to projection neurons, which have axons projecting to other brain regions. Intercalated Neurons,Intercalated Neuron,Interneuron,Neuron, Intercalated,Neurons, Intercalated
D008297 Male Males
D009046 Motor Neurons Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS. Neurons, Motor,Alpha Motorneurons,Motoneurons,Motor Neurons, Alpha,Neurons, Alpha Motor,Alpha Motor Neuron,Alpha Motor Neurons,Alpha Motorneuron,Motoneuron,Motor Neuron,Motor Neuron, Alpha,Motorneuron, Alpha,Motorneurons, Alpha,Neuron, Alpha Motor,Neuron, Motor
D009475 Neurons, Afferent Neurons which conduct NERVE IMPULSES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Afferent Neurons,Afferent Neuron,Neuron, Afferent
D003400 Astacoidea A superfamily of various freshwater CRUSTACEA, in the infraorder Astacidea, comprising the crayfish. Common genera include Astacus and Procambarus. Crayfish resemble lobsters, but are usually much smaller. Astacus,Crayfish,Procambarus,Astacoideas,Crayfishs
D004558 Electric Stimulation Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses. Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D004594 Electrophysiology The study of the generation and behavior of electrical charges in living organisms particularly the nervous system and the effects of electricity on living organisms.
D005260 Female Females
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D016501 Neurites In tissue culture, hairlike projections of neurons stimulated by growth factors and other molecules. These projections may go on to form a branched tree of dendrites or a single axon or they may be reabsorbed at a later stage of development. "Neurite" may refer to any filamentous or pointed outgrowth of an embryonal or tissue-culture neural cell. Neurite

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