Intraepithelial mast cells in allergic and nonallergic asthma. Assessment using bronchial brushings. 1993

P G Gibson, and C J Allen, and J P Yang, and B J Wong, and J Dolovich, and J Denburg, and F E Hargreave
Department of Medicine, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Mast cell mediators are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. There is some disagreement concerning the numbers of mast cells in asthmatic mucosa. In this study a standardized bronchial brush technique was developed and used to assess intraepithelial mast cells and other inflammatory cells in allergic and nonallergic asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects. A total of 10 nonasthmatic (5 allergic) and 13 asthmatic (8 allergic) subjects with stable controlled asthma treated with beta-agonist only were assessed by history, spirometry, allergy prick tests, and methacholine airway responsiveness. During fiberoptic bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed from the middle lobe and standardized bronchial brushings were taken from the lingula and left lower lobe bronchi. Quantitative cell counts were performed blind to the clinical characteristics of the subjects. The average total cell recovery from the brushings was 1.04 (SEM 0.09) x 10(6) ml, with a cell viability of 64% (5.3%). Reproducible total cell and mast cell counts were obtained from brushings taken from two lobar bronchi (ICC 0.86). Mast cells were significantly elevated in asthmatic compared with nonasthmatic subjects (1.5 +/- 0.34 versus 0.15 +/- 0.06%). Allergic asthmatic subjects had the greatest numbers of mast cells (1.86 +/- 0.48%); however, the numbers present in brushings from nonallergic asthmatic subjects were also increased (1.03 +/- 0.45%). The mast cells had the staining characteristics of mucosal mast cells, with formalin-blockable metachromatic staining and positive staining for tryptase. Both asthmatic groups also had elevated BAL eosinophils, and neutrophils were elevated in nonallergic asthmatic subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008407 Mast Cells Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR. Basophils, Tissue,Basophil, Tissue,Cell, Mast,Cells, Mast,Mast Cell,Tissue Basophil,Tissue Basophils
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D012130 Respiratory Hypersensitivity A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL. Airway Hyperresponsiveness,Hypersensitivity, Respiratory,Airway Hyper-Responsiveness,Airway Hyper Responsiveness,Airway Hyperresponsivenesses,Hyper-Responsiveness, Airway,Hyperresponsiveness, Airway,Respiratory Hypersensitivities
D001980 Bronchi The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Primary Bronchi,Primary Bronchus,Secondary Bronchi,Secondary Bronchus,Tertiary Bronchi,Tertiary Bronchus,Bronchi, Primary,Bronchi, Secondary,Bronchi, Tertiary,Bronchus,Bronchus, Primary,Bronchus, Secondary,Bronchus, Tertiary
D001985 Bronchial Provocation Tests Tests involving inhalation of allergens (nebulized or in dust form), nebulized pharmacologically active solutions (e.g., histamine, methacholine), or control solutions, followed by assessment of respiratory function. These tests are used in the diagnosis of asthma. Allergen Bronchial Provocation Tests,Allergen Challenge, Endobronchial,Antigen Bronchial Provocation Tests,Bronchial Allergen Challenge,Bronchial Challenge Tests,Inhalation Provocation Tests,Provocation Tests, Bronchial,Endobronchial Challenge Tests,Allergen Challenge, Bronchial,Allergen Challenges, Bronchial,Allergen Challenges, Endobronchial,Bronchial Allergen Challenges,Bronchial Challenge Test,Bronchial Provocation Test,Challenge Test, Bronchial,Challenge Test, Endobronchial,Challenge Tests, Bronchial,Challenge Tests, Endobronchial,Challenge, Bronchial Allergen,Challenge, Endobronchial Allergen,Challenges, Bronchial Allergen,Challenges, Endobronchial Allergen,Endobronchial Allergen Challenge,Endobronchial Allergen Challenges,Endobronchial Challenge Test,Inhalation Provocation Test,Provocation Test, Bronchial,Provocation Test, Inhalation,Provocation Tests, Inhalation,Test, Bronchial Challenge,Test, Bronchial Provocation,Test, Endobronchial Challenge,Test, Inhalation Provocation,Tests, Bronchial Challenge,Tests, Bronchial Provocation,Tests, Endobronchial Challenge,Tests, Inhalation Provocation
D001992 Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung. Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Lavage Fluid,Lung Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Lavage Fluid, Bronchial,Lavage Fluid, Lung,Pulmonary Lavage Fluid,Alveolar Lavage Fluids,Bronchial Lavage Fluids,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids,Lavage Fluid, Alveolar,Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluid, Pulmonary,Lavage Fluids, Alveolar,Lavage Fluids, Bronchial,Lavage Fluids, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluids, Lung,Lavage Fluids, Pulmonary,Lung Lavage Fluids,Pulmonary Lavage Fluids
D001999 Bronchoscopy Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the bronchi. Bronchoscopic Surgical Procedures,Surgical Procedures, Bronchoscopic,Bronchoscopic Surgery,Surgery, Bronchoscopic,Bronchoscopic Surgeries,Bronchoscopic Surgical Procedure,Bronchoscopies,Surgeries, Bronchoscopic,Surgical Procedure, Bronchoscopic
D004848 Epithelium The layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS which cover the inner and outer surfaces of the cutaneous, mucus, and serous tissues and glands of the body. Mesothelium,Epithelial Tissue,Mesothelial Tissue,Epithelial Tissues,Mesothelial Tissues,Tissue, Epithelial,Tissue, Mesothelial,Tissues, Epithelial,Tissues, Mesothelial
D005260 Female Females

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