BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Chicken sterol carrier protein 2/sterol carrier protein x: cDNA cloning reveals evolutionary conservation of structure and regulated expression. 1993

S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.

The chicken is a useful model for studies of lipid biochemistry because of the profound changes in lipid metabolism during development and the marked effects of estrogen on its lipids. Here we report the cloning of a cDNA encoding chicken sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2)/sterol carrier protein x (SCPx), proteins that are believed to play key roles in intracellular lipid movement and metabolism. The 2.4-kb clone, isolated from a liver cDNA library by homology screening with a rat SCP2 cDNA, encodes a 58-kDa polypeptide, SCPx, which encompasses the sequence for SCP2 at its C-terminus. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the chicken protein with those of mammals revealed conservation of structure from an evolutionary standpoint. Like the other vertebrate SCPx proteins, the chicken protein contains a conserved Arg-Gly-Asp sequence and a cysteine residue in the N-terminus that aligns with the active site cysteine of Escherichia coli 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, a protein that was previously shown to be homologous to vertebrate SCPx. Northern blot analysis of poly(A)+ RNA from different chicken tissues revealed two mRNA species, one of 2.5 kb, encoding SCPx, and one of 1.4 kb, presumably encoding SCP2. High levels of the 2.5 and 1.4-kb mRNAs were found in liver, intestine, and ovarian granulosa cells, consistent with a role for these proteins in lipid metabolism. There was no change in the 2.5-kb mRNA in chicken liver with development (Day 20 embryo to 4 weeks posthatch), but there was a 10-fold increase in the 1.4-kb mRNA by 1 week posthatch. Treatment of roosters with a single injection of estradiol (25 mg/kg) caused a twofold increase in the 2.5-kb mRNA in liver at 6 h after estradiol administration, reaching a maximum fourfold increase at 48 h, while the 1.4-kb mRNA increased twofold at 48 h. The two SCP2/SCPx mRNAs were most abundant in granulosa cells from small follicles. A reduction in SCP2/SCPx gene expression was observed with follicular maturation, correlating with falling estrogen production. In summary, we have documented (i) marked conservation of SCP2/SCPx structure across species and (ii) developmental and hormonal regulation of the mRNAs which encode proteins thought to be involved in lipid metabolism.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D010940 Plant Proteins Proteins found in plants (flowers, herbs, shrubs, trees, etc.). The concept does not include proteins found in vegetables for which PLANT PROTEINS, DIETARY is available. Plant Protein,Protein, Plant,Proteins, Plant
D002352 Carrier Proteins Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes. Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D004967 Estrogens Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds. Estrogen,Estrogen Effect,Estrogen Effects,Estrogen Receptor Agonists,Estrogenic Agents,Estrogenic Compounds,Estrogenic Effect,Estrogenic Effects,Agents, Estrogenic,Agonists, Estrogen Receptor,Compounds, Estrogenic,Effects, Estrogen,Effects, Estrogenic,Receptor Agonists, Estrogen
D005075 Biological Evolution The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics. Evolution, Biological
D005260 Female Females
D006107 Granulosa Cells Supporting cells for the developing female gamete in the OVARY. They are derived from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the OOCYTE in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the OVUM in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors (RECEPTORS, LH). Cell, Granulosa,Cells, Granulosa,Granulosa Cell

Related Publications

S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding human sterol carrier protein 2.
January 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Sterol carrier protein-2: structure reveals function.
February 2002, Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
The structure of the human sterol carrier protein X/sterol carrier protein 2 gene (SCP2).
November 1994, Genomics,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Molecular cloning and characterization of Bombyx mori sterol carrier protein x/sterol carrier protein 2 (SCPx/SCP2) gene.
October 2006, DNA sequence : the journal of DNA sequencing and mapping,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
cDNA sequence and bacterial expression of mouse liver sterol carrier protein-2.
May 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Cloning of the human activin receptor cDNA reveals high evolutionary conservation.
February 1992, Biochimica et biophysica acta,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Subcellular localization of the mosquito sterol carrier protein-2 and sterol carrier protein-x.
August 2004, Journal of lipid research,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Human sterol carrier protein x/sterol carrier protein 2 gene has two promoters.
August 1995, Biochemistry,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Sterol carrier protein-2/sterol carrier protein-x expression differentially alters fatty acid metabolism in L cell fibroblasts.
September 2003, Journal of lipid research,
S M Pfeifer, and N Sakuragi, and A Ryan, and A L Johnson, and R G Deeley, and J T Billheimer, and M E Baker, and J F Strauss
Cloning, expression, and nucleotide sequence of rat liver sterol carrier protein 2 cDNAs.
January 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry,
Copied contents to your clipboard!