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Activated Kupffer cells may release substances that are involved in liver injury induced by galactosamine and endotoxin. In the present study Kupffer cells were isolated from rat livers, cultured for 24 hours and incubated with galactosamine, endotoxin (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha for 4 or 24 hours. The Kupffer cell-conditioned media were than added in separate experiments to freshly prepared isolated rat hepatocytes to determine their cytotoxic effect. No significant effects on the rate of protein synthesis, as assessed by the incorporation of 14C-leucine on lactate dehydrogenase enzyme release from hepatocytes during 1 h incubation was found as compared with conditioned media from control Kupffer cells. In further experiments, Kupffer cells incubated for 4 hours with LPS and galactosamine were shown to produce thromboxane B2 and also the potentially cytoprotective prostaglandins PGE2 and small amounts of prostacyclin measured as 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. It is concluded that under the conditions of the present experiments, factors secreted by cultured Kupffer cells have no cytotoxic effects on isolated rat hepatocytes during short-term incubation.
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