Biomaterial Database

Cortical hyperexcitability in progressive myoclonus epilepsy: a study with transcranial magnetic stimulation. 1993

D C Reutens, and A Puce, and S F Berkovic

Department of Neurology, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

In progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME), responses to afferent input are frequently abnormal. It is unclear whether the abnormality lies at the cortical, subcortical, or segmental level. To obtain evidence for an exaggerated effect on motor cortical excitability, we used peripheral nerve and transcranial magnetic stimulation in controls and subjects with idiopathic generalized epilepsy and PME. Mean threshold intensity was higher in those with idiopathic generalized epilepsy and PME than in controls, probably as a result of anticonvulsant treatment. A long-latency response to peripheral stimulation and an exaggerated facilitatory effect of peripheral stimulation on the motor evoked potential was present in subjects with PME. Latency differences between the late responses in the upper and lower limbs provided evidence against a segmental reflex and implicated rapidly conducting fibers in the spinal cord. Both the late response and the facilitatory effect had onset latencies consistent with a transcortical pathway, suggesting an exaggerated effect of afferent input on motor cortical excitability in PME.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009044	Motor Cortex	Area of the FRONTAL LOBE concerned with primary motor control located in the dorsal PRECENTRAL GYRUS immediately anterior to the central sulcus. It is comprised of three areas: the primary motor cortex located on the anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the brain; the premotor cortex located anterior to the primary motor cortex; and the supplementary motor area located on the midline surface of the hemisphere anterior to the primary motor cortex.	Brodmann Area 4,Brodmann Area 6,Brodmann's Area 4,Brodmann's Area 6,Premotor Cortex and Supplementary Motor Cortex,Premotor and Supplementary Motor Cortices,Anterior Central Gyrus,Gyrus Precentralis,Motor Area,Motor Strip,Precentral Gyrus,Precentral Motor Area,Precentral Motor Cortex,Premotor Area,Premotor Cortex,Primary Motor Area,Primary Motor Cortex,Secondary Motor Areas,Secondary Motor Cortex,Somatic Motor Areas,Somatomotor Areas,Supplementary Motor Area,Area 4, Brodmann,Area 4, Brodmann's,Area 6, Brodmann,Area 6, Brodmann's,Area, Motor,Area, Precentral Motor,Area, Premotor,Area, Primary Motor,Area, Secondary Motor,Area, Somatic Motor,Area, Somatomotor,Area, Supplementary Motor,Brodmann's Area 6s,Brodmanns Area 4,Brodmanns Area 6,Central Gyrus, Anterior,Cortex, Motor,Cortex, Precentral Motor,Cortex, Premotor,Cortex, Primary Motor,Cortex, Secondary Motor,Cortices, Secondary Motor,Gyrus, Anterior Central,Gyrus, Precentral,Motor Area, Precentral,Motor Area, Primary,Motor Area, Secondary,Motor Area, Somatic,Motor Areas,Motor Cortex, Precentral,Motor Cortex, Primary,Motor Cortex, Secondary,Motor Strips,Precentral Motor Areas,Precentral Motor Cortices,Premotor Areas,Primary Motor Areas,Primary Motor Cortices,Secondary Motor Area,Secondary Motor Cortices,Somatic Motor Area,Somatomotor Area,Supplementary Motor Areas
D010812	Physical Stimulation	Act of eliciting a response from a person or organism through physical contact.	Stimulation, Physical,Physical Stimulations,Stimulations, Physical
D011930	Reaction Time	The time from the onset of a stimulus until a response is observed.	Response Latency,Response Speed,Response Time,Latency, Response,Reaction Times,Response Latencies,Response Times,Speed, Response,Speeds, Response
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D004831	Epilepsies, Myoclonic	A clinically diverse group of epilepsy syndromes characterized either by myoclonic seizures or by myoclonus in association with other seizure types. Myoclonic epilepsy syndromes are divided into three subtypes based on etiology: familial, cryptogenic, and symptomatic.	Idiopathic Myoclonic Epilepsy,Myoclonic Absence Epilepsy,Myoclonic Encephalopathy,Myoclonic Epilepsy,Symptomatic Myoclonic Epilepsy,Benign Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy,Cryptogenic Myoclonic Epilepsy,Doose Syndrome,Dravet Syndrome,Early Childhood Epilepsy, Myoclonic,Early Childhood, Myoclonic Epilepsy,Encephalopathy, Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Early Childhood, Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Myoclonic, Early Childhood,Epilepsy, Myoclonic, Infantile,Epilepsy, Myoclonic, Infantile, Benign,Epilepsy, Myoclonic, Infantile, Severe,Epilepsy, Myoclonus,Infantile Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy,Myoclonic Astatic Epilepsy,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Benign Infantile,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Early Childhood,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Infantile,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Infantile, Benign,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Infantile, Severe,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Severe Infantile,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Severe, Of Infancy,Myoclonic Seizure Disorder,Severe Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy,Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy Of Infancy,Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy, Infantile,Astatic Epilepsies, Myoclonic,Astatic Epilepsy, Myoclonic,Cryptogenic Myoclonic Epilepsies,Dravet Syndromes,Encephalopathies, Myoclonic,Epilepsies, Cryptogenic Myoclonic,Epilepsies, Idiopathic Myoclonic,Epilepsies, Infantile Myoclonic,Epilepsies, Myoclonic Absence,Epilepsies, Myoclonic Astatic,Epilepsies, Symptomatic Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Cryptogenic Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Idiopathic Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Infantile Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Myoclonic,Epilepsy, Myoclonic Absence,Epilepsy, Myoclonic Astatic,Epilepsy, Symptomatic Myoclonic,Idiopathic Myoclonic Epilepsies,Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsies,Infantile Myoclonic Epilepsy,Myoclonic Absence Epilepsies,Myoclonic Astatic Epilepsies,Myoclonic Encephalopathies,Myoclonic Epilepsies,Myoclonic Epilepsies, Cryptogenic,Myoclonic Epilepsies, Idiopathic,Myoclonic Epilepsies, Infantile,Myoclonic Epilepsies, Symptomatic,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Cryptogenic,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Idiopathic,Myoclonic Epilepsy, Symptomatic,Myoclonic Seizure Disorders,Myoclonus Epilepsies,Myoclonus Epilepsy,Seizure Disorder, Myoclonic,Seizure Disorders, Myoclonic,Symptomatic Myoclonic Epilepsies
D005073	Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory	The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by stimulation along AFFERENT PATHWAYS from PERIPHERAL NERVES to CEREBRUM.	Somatosensory Evoked Potentials,Evoked Potential, Somatosensory,Somatosensory Evoked Potential
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man