Biomaterial Database

Rat liver peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in sepsis. 1993

T Yamamoto

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.

Time course changes in hepatic mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidative capacities, as well as changes in the related enzyme activities, were investigated in rats with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Palmitoyl-L-carnitine oxidation was not altered, but carnitine palmitoyl-transferase (CPT) dependent palmitoyl-CoA (plus L-carnitine) oxidation was slightly increased in the liver mitochondria of the septic rats. Hepatic CPT activity, being the rate-limiting step of mitochondrial beta-oxidation, was also enhanced by sepsis. In contrast, cyanide-insensitive peroxisomal beta-oxidation and the carnitine acetyltransferase and catalase activities associated with the peroxisomal-enriched fraction were markedly reduced by abdominal sepsis. Cyanide-insensitive beta-oxidation in control livers showed optimal specificity for lauroyl- and myristoyl-CoA and this pattern remained unchanged by sepsis. However, oxidation rates were reduced for all acyl-CoA esters tested, being more pronounced with longer carbon chain length acyl-CoA substrates. These results indicate that in early sepsis, hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative capacity was increased, probably due to enhanced CPT activity, whereas peroxisomal beta-oxidation was seriously disturbed along with reduced catalase activity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007239	Infections	Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.	Infection,Infection and Infestation,Infections and Infestations,Infestation and Infection,Infestations and Infections
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008297	Male		Males
D008830	Microbodies	Electron-dense cytoplasmic particles bounded by a single membrane, such as PEROXISOMES; GLYOXYSOMES; and glycosomes.	Glycosomes,Glycosome,Microbody
D008930	Mitochondria, Liver	Mitochondria in hepatocytes. As in all mitochondria, there are an outer membrane and an inner membrane, together creating two separate mitochondrial compartments: the internal matrix space and a much narrower intermembrane space. In the liver mitochondrion, an estimated 67% of the total mitochondrial proteins is located in the matrix. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p343-4)	Liver Mitochondria,Liver Mitochondrion,Mitochondrion, Liver
D010084	Oxidation-Reduction	A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).	Redox,Oxidation Reduction
D010085	Oxidative Phosphorylation	Electron transfer through the cytochrome system liberating free energy which is transformed into high-energy phosphate bonds.	Phosphorylation, Oxidative,Oxidative Phosphorylations,Phosphorylations, Oxidative
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D005227	Fatty Acids	Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia