Metabolism of intranasally applied cocaine. 1977

M E Johns, and A R Berman, and R C Pillsbury, and J C Price, and R L Henderson

Surprisingly little is known about the metabolism and toxicity of cocaine in man. In this study serum obtained following nasal surgery was assayed for benzoylecgonine (the major metabolite of cocaine) by radioimmunoassay. It was found that cocaine was rapidly hydrolyzed in the serum. Benzoylecgonine was detectable in the serum at 15 minutes. The peak blood level of the metabolite appeared at 4.5 hours with a peak concentrations of 872.9 ng/ml. The half time clearance of the metabolite from the serum was 5.5 hours. A discussion of variables which must be considered in deriving, by a scientific method, a maximum safe clinical dose is presented.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D003042 Cocaine An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake. Cocaine HCl,Cocaine Hydrochloride,HCl, Cocaine,Hydrochloride, Cocaine
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000281 Administration, Intranasal Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa. Drug Administration, Intranasal,Administration, Intranasal Drug,Administration, Nasal,Intranasal Administration,Intranasal Drug Administration,Administrations, Intranasal,Administrations, Intranasal Drug,Administrations, Nasal,Drug Administrations, Intranasal,Intranasal Administrations,Intranasal Drug Administrations,Nasal Administration,Nasal Administrations
D000287 Administration, Topical The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example. Drug Administration, Topical,Administration, Topical Drug,Topical Administration,Topical Drug Administration,Administrations, Topical,Administrations, Topical Drug,Drug Administrations, Topical,Topical Administrations,Topical Drug Administrations

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