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Radioimmunoassay of bile acids: development, validation, and preliminary application of an assay for conjugates of chenodeoxycholic acid. 1977

S W Schalm, and G P van Berge-Henegouwen, and A F Hofmann, and A E Cowen, and J Turcotte

A rapid, sensitive, precise radioimmunoassay for conjugates of chenodeoxycholic (chenic) acid has been developed and validated. Immunogen was prepared with chenylglycine couples to bovine serum albumin, emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant, and injected intracutaneously in rabbits. Antibodies of moderate titer (used at 1:7500 final dilution) were obtained. Tracer of high specific activity was prepared by reductive tritiation of delta11-chenylglycine. The binding step required 1 hr at room temperature; separation of bound tracer was achieved by addition of ammonium sulfate. The limit of sensitivity of the assay was about 20 nmoles per liter, and the lower limit of the working range was 0.4 mumole per liter. The assay was validated by measuring levels in samples of fasting state serum to which known amounts of chenylglycine had been added; the assay was also validated by means of gas-liquid chromatography on sera from jaundiced patients. The median fasting state serum level in 56 Caucasians and blacks was 0.9 mumole per liter (upper limit of normal (95% confidence) being 2.3), which is in the same range as that reported by others using gas-liquid chromatography. A 5- to 10-fold increase in levels of chenyl conjugates was observed 1 hr after the ingestion of a liquid meal in healthy persons.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007106 Immune Sera Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen. Antisera,Immune Serums,Sera, Immune,Serums, Immune
D007114 Immunization Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow). Immunologic Stimulation,Immunostimulation,Sensitization, Immunologic,Variolation,Immunologic Sensitization,Immunological Stimulation,Sensitization, Immunological,Stimulation, Immunologic,Immunizations,Immunological Sensitization,Immunological Sensitizations,Immunological Stimulations,Sensitizations, Immunological,Stimulation, Immunological,Stimulations, Immunological,Variolations
D008722 Methods A series of steps taken in order to conduct research. Techniques,Methodological Studies,Methodological Study,Procedures,Studies, Methodological,Study, Methodological,Method,Procedure,Technique
D011232 Chemical Precipitation The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution. Precipitation, Chemical
D011863 Radioimmunoassay Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation. Radioimmunoassays
D002635 Chenodeoxycholic Acid A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones. Chenic Acid,Chenodeoxycholate,Chenodiol,Gallodesoxycholic Acid,Chenique Acid,Chenix,Chenofalk,Chenophalk,Henohol,Quenobilan,Quenocol,Sodium Chenodeoxycholate,Acid, Chenic,Acid, Chenique,Acid, Chenodeoxycholic,Acid, Gallodesoxycholic,Chenodeoxycholate, Sodium
D002853 Chromatography, Liquid Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid. Liquid Chromatography
D005069 Evaluation Studies as Topic Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies. Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000645 Ammonium Sulfate Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins. Sulfate, Ammonium

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