Biomaterial Database

[Inhibitory non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves and nitric oxide]. 1995

H Aizawa, and S Takata, and M Shigyo, and K Matsumoto, and H Inoue, and N Hara

Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

We studied the role of nitric oxide and inhibitory non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (i-NANC) nerves in the regulation of airway responsiveness in anesthetized and mechanically ventilated cats. Vagal stimulation caused marked bronchodilation in the cats with sustained bronchoconstriction in the presence of atropine and propranolol. The bronchodilation evoked by vagal stimulation was completely abolished by hexamethonium (2 mg/kg). L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 8 mg/kg + 2 mg/kg/min) significantly suppressed the relaxation evoked by vagal stimulation; the effect was particularly noticeable soon after the stimulation. Hexamethonium significantly increased airway responsiveness to serotonin: the PC200 decreased from 0.346 mg/ml (GSEM 1.23) without hexamethonium to 0.44 mg/ml (GSEM 1.63) with hexamethonium (p < 0.05). L-NAME shifted the dose-response curve to serotonin significantly to the left: the PC200 decreased from 0.261 mg/ml (GSEM 1.,40) without L-NAME to 0.056mg/dl (GSEM 1.38) with L-NAME (p < 0.05). Inhalation of citric acid (20%) caused marked bronchodilation during serotonin-induced bronchoconstriction. This bronchodilation occurred in the presence of atropine and propranolol and was inhibited by hexamethonium, therefore it was probably caused by a reflex mediated by i-NANC nerves. Furthermore, the bronchodilation induced by i-NANC nerves was significantly suppressed by L-NAME. These results suggest that nitric oxide is an important i-NANC transmitter that can modulate airway responsiveness.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009569	Nitric Oxide	A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.	Endogenous Nitrate Vasodilator,Mononitrogen Monoxide,Nitric Oxide, Endothelium-Derived,Nitrogen Monoxide,Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide,Monoxide, Mononitrogen,Monoxide, Nitrogen,Nitrate Vasodilator, Endogenous,Nitric Oxide, Endothelium Derived,Oxide, Nitric,Vasodilator, Endogenous Nitrate
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001341	Autonomic Nervous System	The ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; and SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM taken together. Generally speaking, the autonomic nervous system regulates the internal environment during both peaceful activity and physical or emotional stress. Autonomic activity is controlled and integrated by the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, especially the HYPOTHALAMUS and the SOLITARY NUCLEUS, which receive information relayed from VISCERAL AFFERENTS.	Vegetative Nervous System,Visceral Nervous System,Autonomic Nervous Systems,Nervous System, Autonomic,Nervous System, Vegetative,Nervous System, Visceral,Nervous Systems, Autonomic,Nervous Systems, Vegetative,Nervous Systems, Visceral,System, Autonomic Nervous,System, Vegetative Nervous,System, Visceral Nervous,Systems, Autonomic Nervous,Systems, Vegetative Nervous,Systems, Visceral Nervous,Vegetative Nervous Systems,Visceral Nervous Systems
D016535	Bronchial Hyperreactivity	Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.	Bronchial Hyperreactivities,Hyperreactivities, Bronchial,Hyperreactivity, Bronchial
D018377	Neurotransmitter Agents	Substances used for their pharmacological actions on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function.	Nerve Transmitter Substance,Neurohormone,Neurohumor,Neurotransmitter Agent,Nerve Transmitter Substances,Neurohormones,Neurohumors,Neuromodulator,Neuromodulators,Neuroregulator,Neuroregulators,Neurotransmitter,Neurotransmitters,Substances, Nerve Transmitter,Transmitter Substances, Nerve,Substance, Nerve Transmitter,Transmitter Substance, Nerve