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Nucleotide heterodimers were synthesized and examined for their inhibitory effects on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), including HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor-resistant mutants. 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidilyl-(5')-phospho-(5')-6-[(3', 5'-dimethylphenyl)thio]-5-ethyl-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]uracil (AZT-P-E-HEPU-dM) and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidilyl-(5')-phospho-(5')-2', 3'-dideoxyinosine (AZT-P-ddI) proved to be highly potent and selective inhibitors of HIV-1 (IIIB strain) in MT-4 cells. The mechanism of inhibition by these heterodimers may be attributed to their degradation and the formation of each constituent. AZT-P-E-HEPU-dM was also markedly inhibitory to an AZT-resistant mutant (HIV-1-IIIB/AZT) and an E-HEPU-dM-resistant mutant (HIV-1-IIIB-R). However, AZT-P-ddI was found to have a less inhibitory effect on HIV-1-IIIB/AZT than on HIV-1-IIIB. The heterodimers of (5',5') AZT and ribavirin (AZT-P-Ribavirin) and (5',5') ddI and ribavirin (ddI-P-Ribavirin) were also synthesized: AZT-P-Ribavirin inhibited HIV-1 replication, but ddI-P-Ribarvirin did not.
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Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin,
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April 1995,
AIDS research and human retroviruses,
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June 1991,
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin,
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January 1996,
Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology,
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March 2001,
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry,
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January 2002,
Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology,
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November 1997,
AIDS research and human retroviruses,
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M Fujiwara, and
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July 2004,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
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M Fujiwara, and
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August 2005,
The Journal of general virology,
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June 2002,
Antiviral research,
