Biomaterial Database

Two-dimensional separations: capillary electrophoresis coupled to channel gel electrophoresis. 1996

Y M Liu, and J V Sweedler

Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801, USA.

Two-dimensional separations provide extremely high peak capacities. Coupling capillary zone electrophoresis with ultrathin channel gel electrophoresis offers a convenient and efficient way to perform such two-dimensional microseparations. By means of in situ polymerization, high-concentration (up to 50%T) polyacrylamide gels are prepared in 75 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 40 microns thick rectangular channels. By moving the outlet end of the capillary electrophoresis capillary across the entrance of the channel, both separations are completely preserved. Mixtures of peptides labeled by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) are well resolved in less than 15 min, with theoretical plate numbers in the range of 20,000-50,000 for each independent separation. Significant enhancement in separation efficiency and peak capacity over one-dimensional separations are demonstrated by this combination. The two-dimensional separations of a model mixture of peptides, a tryptic digest of trypsinogen, and < 0.05% of an individual B2 neuron from the marine mollusk Aplysia californica are presented.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009474	Neurons	The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D002850	Chromatography, Gel	Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.	Chromatography, Exclusion,Chromatography, Gel Permeation,Chromatography, Molecular Sieve,Gel Filtration,Gel Filtration Chromatography,Chromatography, Size Exclusion,Exclusion Chromatography,Gel Chromatography,Gel Permeation Chromatography,Molecular Sieve Chromatography,Chromatography, Gel Filtration,Exclusion Chromatography, Size,Filtration Chromatography, Gel,Filtration, Gel,Sieve Chromatography, Molecular,Size Exclusion Chromatography
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001048	Aplysia	An opisthobranch mollusk of the order Anaspidea. It is used frequently in studies of nervous system development because of its large identifiable neurons. Aplysiatoxin and its derivatives are not biosynthesized by Aplysia, but acquired by ingestion of Lyngbya (seaweed) species.	Aplysias
D015180	Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional	Electrophoresis in which a second perpendicular electrophoretic transport is performed on the separate components resulting from the first electrophoresis. This technique is usually performed on polyacrylamide gels.	Gel Electrophoresis, Two-Dimensional,Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Two-Dimensional,2-D Gel Electrophoresis,2-D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,2D Gel Electrophoresis,2D PAGE,2D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,Electrophoresis, Gel, 2-D,Electrophoresis, Gel, 2D,Electrophoresis, Gel, Two Dimensional,Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, 2-D,Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, 2D,Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis,2 D Gel Electrophoresis,2 D Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,Electrophoresis, 2-D Gel,Electrophoresis, 2D Gel,Electrophoresis, Two-Dimensional Gel,Gel Electrophoresis, 2-D,Gel Electrophoresis, 2D,Gel Electrophoresis, Two Dimensional,PAGE, 2D,Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, 2 D,Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Two Dimensional,Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis
D016650	Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate	Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.	FITC,5-Isothiocyanatofluorescein,Fluorescein (5 or 6)-Isothiocyanate,Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Hydrochloride,5 Isothiocyanatofluorescein,Fluorescein 5 isothiocyanate,Fluorescein 5 isothiocyanate Hydrochloride,Hydrochloride, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
D019075	Electrophoresis, Capillary	A highly-sensitive (in the picomolar range, which is 10,000-fold more sensitive than conventional electrophoresis) and efficient technique that allows separation of PROTEINS; NUCLEIC ACIDS; and CARBOHYDRATES. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)	Capillary Zone Electrophoresis,Capillary Electrophoreses,Capillary Electrophoresis,Capillary Zone Electrophoreses,Electrophoreses, Capillary,Electrophoreses, Capillary Zone,Electrophoresis, Capillary Zone,Zone Electrophoreses, Capillary,Zone Electrophoresis, Capillary