Synthesis and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of niflumic acid lipophilic prodrugs in brain edema. 1996

L el Kihel, and J Bourass, and P Richomme, and J Y Petit, and Y Letourneux
Laboratoire de Synthèses et Etudes de Substances Naturelles à Activités Biologiques (SESNAB), Université de La Rochelle, France.

Five new lipophilic prodrugs of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, niflumic acid (Nifluril, CAS 4394-00-7), were synthetized and evaluated on the experimental brain edema (injection of phospholipase A2). The effect of these drugs in comparison with dexamethasone which elicits a marked effect on clinical and experimental brain edema was evaluated. Niflumic acid was vectorised by cholesterol, hexadecanol and by three 1,3-diacylglycerols. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds on experimental brain edema was evaluated by determination of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) brain tissue concentration. Niflumic acid reduced the prostaglandin E2 production more significantly than dexamethasone. Niflumic acid prodrug forms (1,3-dihexadecanoyl-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]nicotinoyl] glycerol and 1,3-dihexadecanoyl-2-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]nicotinoyloxybuta noyl] glycerol also showed a marked anti-inflammatory activity at low concentrations.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009544 Niflumic Acid An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Donalgin,Flunir,Niflactol,Niflugel,Nifluril,Acid, Niflumic
D010741 Phospholipases A Phospholipases that hydrolyze one of the acyl groups of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates.
D011355 Prodrugs A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug. Drug Precursor,Drug Precursors,Pro-Drug,Prodrug,Pro-Drugs,Precursor, Drug,Precursors, Drug,Pro Drug,Pro Drugs
D011919 Rats, Inbred Strains Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding. August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000894 Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects. Analgesics, Anti-Inflammatory,Aspirin-Like Agent,Aspirin-Like Agents,NSAID,Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agent,Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents,Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agent,Anti Inflammatory Agents, Nonsteroidal,Antiinflammatory Agents, Non Steroidal,Antiinflammatory Agents, Nonsteroidal,NSAIDs,Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents,Agent, Aspirin-Like,Agent, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory,Agent, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory,Anti-Inflammatory Agent, Non-Steroidal,Anti-Inflammatory Agent, Nonsteroidal,Anti-Inflammatory Analgesics,Aspirin Like Agent,Aspirin Like Agents,Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agent,Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agents,Nonsteroidal Anti Inflammatory Agent,Nonsteroidal Anti Inflammatory Agents,Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Agents
D015232 Dinoprostone The most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It exhibits most biological activities characteristic of prostaglandins and has been used extensively as an oxytocic agent. The compound also displays a protective effect on the intestinal mucosa. PGE2,PGE2alpha,Prostaglandin E2,Prostaglandin E2alpha,PGE2 alpha,Prepidil Gel,Prostaglandin E2 alpha,Prostenon,E2 alpha, Prostaglandin,E2, Prostaglandin,E2alpha, Prostaglandin,Gel, Prepidil,alpha, PGE2,alpha, Prostaglandin E2
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D054467 Phospholipases A2 Phospholipases that hydrolyze the acyl group attached to the 2-position of PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES. Lecithinase A2,Phospholipase A2

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