Biomaterial Database

In vitro recordings from area postrema neurons demonstrate responsiveness to adrenomedullin. 1996

M A Allen, and A V Ferguson

Department of Physiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a recently discovered 52-amino acid peptide that exerts potent vasodilatory effects in the periphery and influences the control of body fluid balance when injected centrally. In this study extracellular single-unit recordings were obtained from 94 AP neurons in rat brain slices. Bath application of ADM (10(-7) M) excited 47% (32 of 68) of cells tested, and these effects were found to be dose dependent from 10(-7) to 10(-9) M. Excitation was maintained during synaptic blockade in a low-Ca2+ artificial cerebrospinal fluid solution, demonstrating direct actions of ADM on these neurons. The remaining cells were either unaffected (n = 25) or inhibited (n = 11) by ADM. ADM (10(-7) M) also influenced the spontaneous activity of 9 (7 inhibited, 2 excited) of 16 neurons located in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). However, these effects could be eliminated during synaptic blockade, suggesting indirect actions of the peptide on NTS neurons. These data demonstrate that a specific population of CNS neurons within the AP are directly influenced by ADM and suggest that ADM may exert its effects on the central control of fluid balance through direct actions at this circumventricular organ.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009474	Neurons	The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D002552	Cerebral Ventricles	Four CSF-filled (see CEREBROSPINAL FLUID) cavities within the cerebral hemispheres (LATERAL VENTRICLES), in the midline (THIRD VENTRICLE) and within the PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATA (FOURTH VENTRICLE).	Foramen of Monro,Cerebral Ventricular System,Cerebral Ventricle,Cerebral Ventricular Systems,Monro Foramen,System, Cerebral Ventricular,Systems, Cerebral Ventricular,Ventricle, Cerebral,Ventricles, Cerebral,Ventricular System, Cerebral,Ventricular Systems, Cerebral
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017207	Rats, Sprague-Dawley	A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.	Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats
D017552	Solitary Nucleus	GRAY MATTER located in the dorsomedial part of the MEDULLA OBLONGATA associated with the solitary tract. The solitary nucleus receives inputs from most organ systems including the terminations of the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves. It is a major coordinator of AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM regulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, gustatory, gastrointestinal, and chemoreceptive aspects of HOMEOSTASIS. The solitary nucleus is also notable for the large number of NEUROTRANSMITTERS which are found therein.	Nucleus Solitarius,Nuclei Tractus Solitarii,Nucleus Tractus Solitarii,Nucleus of Solitary Tract,Nucleus of Tractus Solitarius,Nucleus of the Solitary Tract,Solitary Nuclear Complex,Solitary Tract Nucleus,Complex, Solitary Nuclear,Complices, Solitary Nuclear,Nuclear Complex, Solitary,Nuclear Complices, Solitary,Nuclei Tractus Solitarius,Nucleus Tractus Solitarius,Nucleus, Solitary,Nucleus, Solitary Tract,Solitarii, Nuclei Tractus,Solitarius Nucleus, Tractus,Solitarius, Nuclei Tractus,Solitary Nuclear Complices,Tractus Solitarii, Nuclei,Tractus Solitarius Nucleus,Tractus Solitarius, Nuclei
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D053607	Adrenomedullin	A 52-amino acid peptide with multi-functions. It was originally isolated from PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and ADRENAL MEDULLA but is widely distributed throughout the body including lung and kidney tissues. Besides controlling fluid-electrolyte homeostasis, adrenomedullin is a potent vasodilator and can inhibit pituitary ACTH secretion.	ADM (1-52),ADM(1-52),Adrenomedullin (1-52),PAMP(1-20)NH2,Proadrenomedullin (1-20),Proadrenomedullin N-Terminal 20 Peptide,Proadrenomedullin N Terminal 20 Peptide