Characterization of cartilage metabolic response to static and dynamic stress using a mechanical explant test system. 1997

P A Torzilli, and R Grigiene, and C Huang, and S M Friedman, and S B Doty, and A L Boskey, and G Lust
Laboratory for Soft Tissue Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, NY 10021, USA. torzillip@hss.edu.

A new mechanical explant test system was used to study the metabolic response (via proteoglycan biosynthesis) of mature, weight-bearing canine articular cartilage subjected to static and dynamic compressive stresses. Stresses ranging from 0.5 to 24 MPa were applied sinusoidally at 1 Hz for intervals of 2-24 h. The explants were loaded in unconfined compression and compared to age-matched unloaded explants. Both static and dynamic compressive stress significantly decreased proteoglycan biosynthesis (range 25-85%) for all loading time intervals. The inhibition was proportional to the applied stress but was independent of loading time. After rehydration upon load removal, the measured water content of the loaded explants was not different from the unloaded explants for all test variables. Autoradiographic and electron microscopic analysis of loaded explants showed viable chondrocytes throughout the matrix. Our results suggest that the decreased metabolic response of cyclically loaded explants may be dominated by the static component (RMS) of the dynamic load. Furthermore, the observed decreased metabolism may be more representative of the in situ tissue response than that of unloaded explants, in which we found an increasing rate of metabolism for up to 6 days after explant removal.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008854 Microscopy, Electron Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen. Electron Microscopy
D011509 Proteoglycans Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content. Proteoglycan,Proteoglycan Type H
D002358 Cartilage, Articular A protective layer of firm, flexible cartilage over the articulating ends of bones. It provides a smooth surface for joint movement, protecting the ends of long bones from wear at points of contact. Articular Cartilage,Articular Cartilages,Cartilages, Articular
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D006811 Humerus Bone in humans and primates extending from the SHOULDER JOINT to the ELBOW JOINT. Humeri,Greater Tubercle,Humeral Greater Tuberosity,Humeral Lesser Tuberosity,Lesser Tubercle,Olecranon Fossa,Olecranon Fossi,Greater Tubercles,Greater Tuberosities, Humeral,Greater Tuberosity, Humeral,Humeral Greater Tuberosities,Humeral Lesser Tuberosities,Lesser Tubercles,Lesser Tuberosities, Humeral,Lesser Tuberosity, Humeral,Tubercle, Greater,Tubercles, Greater
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001345 Autoradiography The making of a radiograph of an object or tissue by recording on a photographic plate the radiation emitted by radioactive material within the object. (Dorland, 27th ed) Radioautography
D013314 Stress, Mechanical A purely physical condition which exists within any material because of strain or deformation by external forces or by non-uniform thermal expansion; expressed quantitatively in units of force per unit area. Mechanical Stress,Mechanical Stresses,Stresses, Mechanical
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D016474 Weight-Bearing The physical state of supporting an applied load. This often refers to the weight-bearing bones or joints that support the body's weight, especially those in the spine, hip, knee, and foot. Load-Bearing,Axial Loading,Loadbearing,Weightbearing,Axial Loadings,Load Bearing,Weight Bearing

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