Induction of c-fos messenger ribonucleic acid in neuropeptide Y and growth hormone (GH)-releasing factor neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus following systemic injection of the GH secretagogue, GH-releasing peptide-6. 1997

S L Dickson, and S M Luckman
Anatomy and Human Biology Group, King's College London, United Kingdom. sld20@cam.ac.uk

In this study we investigated the neurochemical identity of the arcuate cells activated following GH-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) injection by comparing, on consecutive sections, the distribution c-fos messenger RNA (mRNA) with that of mRNAs for peptides synthesized in arcuate cells, including neuropeptide Y (NPY), GH-releasing factor (GRF), tyrosine hydroxylase, POMC, and somatostatin. Rats bearing chronically implanted jugular catheters were injected with either 50 micrograms GHRP-6 or vehicle. Thirty minutes later they were terminally anesthetized and perfused with fixative. Paraffin-embedded sections of 7 microns thickness were processed using in situ hybridization for either c-fos mRNA or mRNAs for the neurochemical markers. In GHRP-6-treated rats the mean (+/-SEM) number of cells expressing c-fos mRNA in the arcuate nucleus (23 +/- 2 cells/section per rat; n = 5) was significantly higher than for vehicle-treated controls (2 +/- 1 cells/section per rat; n = 5; P < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). Superimposed camera lucida maps indicated that, in GHRP-6-injected rats, neurochemically identifiable cells expressing c-fos mRNA also express NPY mRNA (51 +/- 4%), GRF mRNA (23 +/- 1%) tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA (11 +/- 3%), POMC mRNA (11 +/- 2%), or somatostatin mRNA (4 +/- 1%). Thus, the majority of cells expressing c-fos mRNA following GHRP-6 injection are NPY and GRF-containing cells.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D009478 Neuropeptide Y A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones. Neuropeptide Y-Like Immunoreactive Peptide,Neuropeptide Tyrosine,Neuropeptide Y Like Immunoreactive Peptide,Tyrosine, Neuropeptide
D009842 Oligopeptides Peptides composed of between two and twelve amino acids. Oligopeptide
D011333 Pro-Opiomelanocortin A 30-kDa protein synthesized primarily in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND and the HYPOTHALAMUS. It is also found in the skin and other peripheral tissues. Depending on species and tissues, POMC is cleaved by PROHORMONE CONVERTASES yielding various active peptides including ACTH; BETA-LIPOTROPIN; ENDORPHINS; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONES; and others (GAMMA-LPH; CORTICOTROPIN-LIKE INTERMEDIATE LOBE PEPTIDE; N-terminal peptide of POMC or NPP). POMC,Pro-Opiocortin,ACTH-Endorphin Precursor,ACTH-beta-Lipotropin Precursor,Corticotropin-beta-Lipotropin Precursor,Endorphin-ACTH Precursor,Opiocortin,Pre-POMC,Pre-pro-opiocortin,Preproopiomelanocortin,Pro-ACTH-Endorphin,Pro-Opio-Melanocortin,Proopiocortin,Proopiomelanocortin,ACTH Endorphin Precursor,ACTH beta Lipotropin Precursor,Corticotropin beta Lipotropin Precursor,Endorphin ACTH Precursor,Pre POMC,Pre pro opiocortin,Pro ACTH Endorphin,Pro Opio Melanocortin,Pro Opiocortin,Pro Opiomelanocortin
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001111 Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus A nucleus located in the middle hypothalamus in the most ventral part of the THIRD VENTRICLE near the entrance of the infundibular recess. Its small cells are in close contact with the EPENDYMA. Arcuate Nucleus,Infundibular Nucleus,Hypothalamus Arcuate Nucleus,Nucleus, Arcuate,Nucleus, Infundibular
D012333 RNA, Messenger RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm. Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D013007 Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone A peptide of 44 amino acids in most species that stimulates the release and synthesis of GROWTH HORMONE. GHRF (or GRF) is synthesized by neurons in the ARCUATE NUCLEUS of the HYPOTHALAMUS. After being released into the pituitary portal circulation, GHRF stimulates GH release by the SOMATOTROPHS in the PITUITARY GLAND. Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor,Somatocrinin,Somatotropin-Releasing Factor 44,Somatotropin-Releasing Hormone,GHRH 1-44,GRF 1-44,Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor 44,Human Pancreatic Growth Hormone-Releasing Factor,Somatoliberin,hpGRF 44,Growth Hormone Releasing Factor,Growth Hormone Releasing Factor 44,Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone,Somatotropin Releasing Factor 44,Somatotropin Releasing Hormone
D014446 Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine, tetrahydrobiopterin, and oxygen to 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, dihydrobiopterin, and water. EC 1.14.16.2. Tyrosine Hydroxylase,3-Monooxygenase, Tyrosine,Hydroxylase, Tyrosine,Tyrosine 3 Monooxygenase

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