Functionally distinct double-stranded RNA-binding domains associated with alternative splice site variants of the interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase. 1997

Y Liu, and C X George, and J B Patterson, and C E Samuel
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.

The double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase (ADAR) is an interferon-inducible RNA-editing enzyme implicated in the site-selective deamination of adenosine to inosine in viral RNAs and cellular pre-mRNAs. We have isolated and characterized human genomic clones of the ADAR gene and cDNA clones encoding splice site variants of the ADAR protein. Southern blot and sequence analyses revealed that the gene spans about 30 kilobase pairs and consists of 15 exons. The codon phasing of the splice site junctions of exons 3, 5, and 7 that encode the three copies of the highly conserved RNA-binding R-motif (RI, RII, and RIII) was exactly conserved and identical to those R-motif exons of the interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase. Alternative splice site variants of the 1226-amino acid ADAR-a protein, designated b and c, were identified that differed in exons 6 and 7. ADAR-b was a 5'-splice site variant that possessed a 26-amino acid deletion within exon 7; ADAR-c was a 3'-splice site variant that possessed an additional 19-amino acid deletion within exon 6. The wild-type ADAR-a, -b, and -c proteins all possessed comparable double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase activity. However, mutational analysis of the R-motifs revealed that the exon 6 and 7 deletions of ADAR-b and -c variants altered the functional importance of each of the three R-motifs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007372 Interferons Proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers. They confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions. Interferon
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000243 Adenosine Deaminase An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ADENOSINE to INOSINE with the elimination of AMMONIA. Adenosine Aminohydrolase,Aminohydrolase, Adenosine,Deaminase, Adenosine
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001665 Binding Sites The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule. Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D016297 Mutagenesis, Site-Directed Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion. Mutagenesis, Oligonucleotide-Directed,Mutagenesis, Site-Specific,Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutagenesis,Site-Directed Mutagenesis,Site-Specific Mutagenesis,Mutageneses, Oligonucleotide-Directed,Mutageneses, Site-Directed,Mutageneses, Site-Specific,Mutagenesis, Oligonucleotide Directed,Mutagenesis, Site Directed,Mutagenesis, Site Specific,Oligonucleotide Directed Mutagenesis,Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutageneses,Site Directed Mutagenesis,Site Specific Mutagenesis,Site-Directed Mutageneses,Site-Specific Mutageneses
D016601 RNA-Binding Proteins Proteins that bind to RNA molecules. Included here are RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS and other proteins whose function is to bind specifically to RNA. Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein,Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Proteins,ds RNA-Binding Protein,RNA-Binding Protein,ds RNA-Binding Proteins,Double Stranded RNA Binding Protein,Double Stranded RNA Binding Proteins,Protein, Double-Stranded RNA-Binding,Protein, ds RNA-Binding,RNA Binding Protein,RNA Binding Proteins,RNA-Binding Protein, Double-Stranded,RNA-Binding Protein, ds,RNA-Binding Proteins, Double-Stranded,ds RNA Binding Protein

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