BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Neurotrophins and their receptors in nerve injury and repair. 1997

M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Department of Pharmacology, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha 68198-6260, USA.

Cytokines are a heterogenous group of polypeptide mediators that have been associated with activation of numerous functions, including the immune system and inflammatory responses. The cytokine families include, but are not limited to, interleukins (IL-I alpha, IL-I beta, ILIra and IL-2-IL-15), chemokines (IL-8/ NAP-I, NAP-2, MIP-I alpha and beta, MCAF/MCP-1, MGSA and RANTES), tumor necrosis factors (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta), interferons (INF-alpha, beta and gamma), colony stimulating factors (G-CSF, M-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-3 and some of the other ILs), growth factors (EGF, FGF, PDGF, TGF alpha, TGF beta and ECGF), neuropoietins (LIF, CNTF, OM and IL-6), and neurotrophins (BDNF, NGF, NT-3-NT-6 and GDNF). The neurotrophins represent a family of survival and differentiation factors that exert profound effects in the central and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The neurotrophins are currently under investigation as therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and nerve injury either individually or in combination with other trophic factors such as ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) or fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Responsiveness of neurons to a given neurotrophin is governed by the expression of two classes of cell surface receptor. For nerve growth factor (NGF), these are p75NTR (p75) and p140trk (referred to as trk or trkA), which binds both BDNF and neurotrophin (NT)-4/5, and trkC receptor, which binds only NT-3. After binding ligand, the neurotrophin-receptor complex is internalized and retrogradely transported in the axon to the soma. Both receptors undergo ligand-induced dimerization, which activates multiple signal transduction pathways. These include the ras-dependent pathway utilized by trk to mediate neurotrophin effects such as survival and differentiation. Indeed, cellular diversity in the nervous system evolves from the concerted processes of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, survival, and synapse formation. Neural adhesion and extracellular matrix molecules have been shown to play crucial roles in axonal migration, guidance, and growth cone targeting. Proinflammatory cytokines, released by activated macrophages and monocytes during infection, can act on neural targets that control thermogenesis, behavior, and mood. In addition to induction of fever, cytokines induce other biological functions associated with the acute phase response, including hypophagia and sleep. Cytokine production has been detected within the central nervous system as a result of brain injury, following stab wound to the brain, during viral and bacterial infections (AIDS and meningitis), and in neurodegenerative processes (multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease). Novel cytokine therapies, such as anticytokine antibodies or specific receptor antagonists acting on the cytokine network may provide an optimistic feature for treatment of multiple sclerosis and other diseases in which cytokines have been implicated.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008958 Models, Molecular Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures. Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D009414 Nerve Growth Factors Factors which enhance the growth potentialities of sensory and sympathetic nerve cells. Neurite Outgrowth Factor,Neurite Outgrowth Factors,Neuronal Growth-Associated Protein,Neuronotrophic Factor,Neurotrophic Factor,Neurotrophic Factors,Neurotrophin,Neurotrophins,Growth-Associated Proteins, Neuronal,Neuronal Growth-Associated Proteins,Neuronotrophic Factors,Neurotrophic Protein,Neurotrophic Proteins,Proteins, Neuronal Growth-Associated,Factor, Neurite Outgrowth,Factor, Neuronotrophic,Factor, Neurotrophic,Factors, Nerve Growth,Factors, Neurite Outgrowth,Factors, Neuronotrophic,Factors, Neurotrophic,Growth Associated Proteins, Neuronal,Growth-Associated Protein, Neuronal,Neuronal Growth Associated Protein,Neuronal Growth Associated Proteins,Outgrowth Factor, Neurite,Outgrowth Factors, Neurite,Protein, Neuronal Growth-Associated
D009424 Nervous System Physiological Phenomena Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the peripheral or the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nervous System Physiologic Processes,Nervous System Physiological Processes,Nervous System Physiology,Nervous System Physiological Concepts,Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon,Nervous System Physiological Process,Physiology, Nervous System,System Physiology, Nervous
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014945 Wound Healing Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. Healing, Wound,Healings, Wound,Wound Healings
D016207 Cytokines Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner. Cytokine
D017475 Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor Cell surface receptors that bind NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; (NGF) and a NGF-related family of neurotrophic factors that includes neurotrophins, BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR and CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR. NGF Receptors,Nerve Growth Factor Receptors,Neurotrophic Factor Receptor,Neurotrophin Receptor,Receptors, NGF,Receptors, Neurotrophin,Neurotrophin Receptors,Receptors, Neurotrophic Factor,Neurotrophic Factor Receptors,Receptor, Neurotrophic Factor,Receptor, Neurotrophin
D020196 Trauma, Nervous System Traumatic injuries to the brain, cranial nerves, spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, or neuromuscular system, including iatrogenic injuries induced by surgical procedures. Craniocervical Injuries,Nervous System Injuries,Axonotmesis,Injuries, Nervous System,Neurotmesis,Axonotmeses,Craniocervical Injury,Nervous System Injury,Nervous System Trauma,Nervous System Traumas,Neurotmeses

Related Publications

M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Neurotrophins and their receptors in satellite glial cells following nerve injury.
December 2014, Neural regeneration research,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
[Neurotrophins and their receptors].
February 1997, Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
The neurotrophins and their receptors.
August 1993, Trends in cell biology,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Neurotrophins and their receptors in the tench retina during optic nerve regeneration.
February 1999, The Journal of comparative neurology,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
[Neurotrophins and their receptors in tumors].
January 2006, Molekuliarnaia genetika, mikrobiologiia i virusologiia,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Neurotrophins and their receptors in rat peripheral trigeminal system during maxillary nerve growth.
September 1993, The Journal of cell biology,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in sciatic nerve of experimentally diabetic rats.
November 1995, Neuroscience letters,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Neurotrophins and nerve injury in the adult.
March 1996, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Neurotrophins and their receptors in breast cancer.
December 2012, Cytokine & growth factor reviews,
M Ebadi, and R M Bashir, and M L Heidrick, and F M Hamada, and H E Refaey, and A Hamed, and G Helal, and M D Baxi, and D R Cerutis, and N K Lassi
Peptide mimetics of neurotrophins and their receptors.
January 2011, Current pharmaceutical design,
Copied contents to your clipboard!