Plastic film carbon electrodes: enzymatic modification for on-line, continuous, and simultaneous measurement of lactate and glucose using microdialysis sampling. 1998

P G Osborne, and O Niwa, and K Yamamoto
Department of Research and Development, BioelectroAnalytical Science Inc., Tokyo, Japan. Peter@BASJ.com

Ring and split-disk plastic film carbon electrodes (PFCEs) were fabricated for use in thin-layer radial flow cells which were coupled to a microdialysis sampling system. PFCEs, were initially coated with osmium poly(vinylpyridine) redox polymer horseradish peroxidase (Os-gel-HRP). Then a second coat of oxidase enzyme was applied to produce enzyme bilayer (oxidase/Os-gel-HRP) PFCEs which were subsequently over-coated with cellulose acetate for use in the determination of glucose or lactate at 0 mV (vs Ag/AgCl). Split-disk electrode geometry enabled different oxidase enzymes to be immobilized on each half of a split-disk, Os-gel-HRP-coated, PFCE to facilitate the electrochemically independent yet continuous on-line determination of these two analytes from a single dialysate. In continuous-flow experiments, cellulose acetate overcoated oxidase/Os-gel-HRP cast-coated PFCEs were quick to stabilize background current and displayed linear and sensitive responses to substrates. The effect of ascorbic acid was minimal and cross talk between partner split-disk electrodes was demonstrated to be acceptable for in vivo applications. The utility of this analytical system is demonstrated by the quantitative on-line continuous assay of changes in dialysate striatal extracellular glucose and lactate from a conscious rat during (a) local stimulation of neurons by perfusion with the depolarizing agent, Veratridine, and (b) physical restraint.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007773 Lactates Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.
D008297 Male Males
D009862 Online Systems Computer-based Information systems having real-time remote access to information or processes. On-Line Systems,On Line Systems,On-Line System,Online System,System, On-Line,System, Online,Systems, On-Line,Systems, Online
D010969 Plastics Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Plastic
D004566 Electrodes Electric conductors through which electric currents enter or leave a medium, whether it be an electrolytic solution, solid, molten mass, gas, or vacuum. Anode,Anode Materials,Cathode,Cathode Materials,Anode Material,Anodes,Cathode Material,Cathodes,Electrode,Material, Anode,Material, Cathode
D005947 Glucose A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017208 Rats, Wistar A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain. Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats
D017551 Microdialysis A technique for measuring extracellular concentrations of substances in tissues, usually in vivo, by means of a small probe equipped with a semipermeable membrane. Substances may also be introduced into the extracellular space through the membrane.
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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