Biomaterial Database

The effects of epidural morphine on cardiac and renal sympathetic nerve activity in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats. 1998

T Mori, and K Nishikawa, and T Terai, and H Yukioka, and A Asada

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan. m5242886@msic.med.osaka-cu.ac.jp

BACKGROUND Epidural morphine yields postoperative pain relief and hemodynamic stability. However, the effects of epidural morphine on sympathetic tone are unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the effects of epidural morphine on cardiac (CSNA) and renal (RSNA) sympathetic nerve activity by direct measurement in anesthetized cats. METHODS Thirty mongrel cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose were randomly assigned to one of the following five groups: control (0.2 ml/kg thoracic epidural normal saline; n=5); thoracic epidural morphine (n=9); lumbar epidural morphine (n=6); vagotomized, sinoaortic denervated, thoracic epidural morphine (n=5); or intravenous morphine (n=5). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), CSNA, and RSNA were measured 0, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after saline or morphine (200 microg/kg) administration and 15 min after reversal with 200 microg naloxone given intravenously. RESULTS In the control group, no changes in measured variables were found after either thoracic epidural saline or intravenous naloxone. Thoracic and lumbar epidural morphine both significantly reduced MAP, HR, CSNA, and RSNA 30 through 120 min after morphine administration (P < 0.05). These changes were reversed by intravenous naloxone. Changes after thoracic epidural morphine administration in vagotomized, baroreceptor-denervated cats were similar to those in intact cats. Intravenous morphine produced no significant changes except for a decrease in MAP, which was reversed by intravenous naloxone. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to intravenous morphine, thoracic and lumbar epidural morphine both inhibited cardiac and renal sympathetic nerve activity and consequently reduced MAP and HR in alpha-chloralose anesthetized cats.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D009020	Morphine	The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.	Morphine Sulfate,Duramorph,MS Contin,Morphia,Morphine Chloride,Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Anhydrous,Morphine Sulfate (2:1), Pentahydrate,Oramorph SR,SDZ 202-250,SDZ202-250,Chloride, Morphine,Contin, MS,SDZ 202 250,SDZ 202250,SDZ202 250,SDZ202250,Sulfate, Morphine
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D002698	Chloralose	A derivative of CHLORAL HYDRATE that was used as a sedative but has been replaced by safer and more effective drugs. Its most common use is as a general anesthetic in animal experiments.	Anhydroglucochloral,Glucochloral,Glucochloralose,alpha-Chloralose,beta-Chloralose,alpha Chloralose,beta Chloralose
D006321	Heart	The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.	Hearts
D006339	Heart Rate	The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.	Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse
D000701	Analgesics, Opioid	Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.	Opioid,Opioid Analgesic,Opioid Analgesics,Opioids,Full Opioid Agonists,Opioid Full Agonists,Opioid Mixed Agonist-Antagonists,Opioid Partial Agonists,Partial Opioid Agonists,Agonist-Antagonists, Opioid Mixed,Agonists, Full Opioid,Agonists, Opioid Full,Agonists, Opioid Partial,Agonists, Partial Opioid,Analgesic, Opioid,Full Agonists, Opioid,Mixed Agonist-Antagonists, Opioid,Opioid Agonists, Full,Opioid Agonists, Partial,Opioid Mixed Agonist Antagonists,Partial Agonists, Opioid
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013564	Sympathetic Nervous System	The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.	Nervous System, Sympathetic,Nervous Systems, Sympathetic,Sympathetic Nervous Systems,System, Sympathetic Nervous,Systems, Sympathetic Nervous