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Pregnancy and lactation increase vitamin D-dependent intestinal membrane calcium adenosine triphosphatase and calcium binding protein messenger ribonucleic acid expression. 1998

Y Zhu, and J P Goff, and T A Reinhardt, and R L Horst
National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Department, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.

The calcium demands of pregnancy and lactation are known to up-regulate intestinal calcium absorption. Intestinal epithelial cells contain calcium ATPases and calcium binding proteins, which are believed to play important roles in intestinal calcium transport. However, the possible role of these two proteins in the up-regulation of intestinal calcium absorption observed in pregnancy and lactation is unknown. In this study, intestinal calcium ATPase (PMCA1), calcium binding protein (9K) (CaBP-9K), and vitamin D receptor (VDR) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were determined by Northern analysis at different stages of pregnancy and early lactation in rats. Intestinal calcium ATPase and calcium binding protein mRNA levels did not differ significantly among nonpregnant rats and rats pregnant for 7 or 14 days. However, at 21 days gestation both calcium ATPase and calcium binding protein mRNA levels increased 2- to 3-fold. Calcium ATPase and calcium binding protein mRNA remained elevated at 7 days of lactation. Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3) concentration exhibited a similar pattern, rising markedly at 21 days gestation and remaining elevated in lactation. VDR mRNA levels did not change during the entire experiment. However, intestinal VDR content increased 2-fold in late pregnancy and lactation. These data suggest that transcription of calcium absorption factors is increased in late gestation and early lactation, perhaps mediated by increased plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 concentrations, and that the effects of gestation and lactation on VDR concentrations are probably posttranscriptional.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007408 Intestinal Absorption Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES. Absorption, Intestinal
D007413 Intestinal Mucosa Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI. Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D007774 Lactation The processes of milk secretion by the maternal MAMMARY GLANDS after PARTURITION. The proliferation of the mammary glandular tissue, milk synthesis, and milk expulsion or let down are regulated by the interactions of several hormones including ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; PROLACTIN; and OXYTOCIN. Lactation, Prolonged,Milk Secretion,Lactations, Prolonged,Milk Secretions,Prolonged Lactation,Prolonged Lactations
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D011270 Pregnancy, Animal The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Animal Pregnancies,Animal Pregnancy,Pregnancies, Animal
D002117 Calcitriol The physiologically active form of vitamin D. It is formed primarily in the kidney by enzymatic hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (CALCIFEDIOL). Its production is stimulated by low blood calcium levels and parathyroid hormone. Calcitriol increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and in concert with parathyroid hormone increases bone resorption. 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol,1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3,1, 25-(OH)2D3,1,25(OH)2D3,1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol,1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3,1 alpha, 25-dihydroxy-20-epi-Vitamin D3,1,25(OH)2-20epi-D3,1,25-dihydroxy-20-epi-Vitamin D3,20-epi-1alpha,25-dihydroxycholecaliferol,Bocatriol,Calcijex,Calcitriol KyraMed,Calcitriol-Nefro,Decostriol,MC-1288,MC1288,Osteotriol,Renatriol,Rocaltrol,Silkis,Sitriol,Soltriol,Tirocal,1 alpha,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3,1,25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol,1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3,1,25 dihydroxy 20 epi Vitamin D3,Calcitriol Nefro,D3, 1 alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin,D3, 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin,D3, 1,25-dihydroxy-20-epi-Vitamin,KyraMed, Calcitriol,MC 1288
D002135 Calcium-Binding Proteins Proteins to which calcium ions are bound. They can act as transport proteins, regulator proteins, or activator proteins. They typically contain EF HAND MOTIFS. Calcium Binding Protein,Calcium-Binding Protein,Calcium Binding Proteins,Binding Protein, Calcium,Binding Proteins, Calcium,Protein, Calcium Binding,Protein, Calcium-Binding
D002462 Cell Membrane The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Plasma Membrane,Cytoplasmic Membrane,Cell Membranes,Cytoplasmic Membranes,Membrane, Cell,Membrane, Cytoplasmic,Membrane, Plasma,Membranes, Cell,Membranes, Cytoplasmic,Membranes, Plasma,Plasma Membranes
D005260 Female Females
D000252 Calcium-Transporting ATPases Cation-transporting proteins that utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis for the transport of CALCIUM. They differ from CALCIUM CHANNELS which allow calcium to pass through a membrane without the use of energy. ATPase, Calcium,Adenosinetriphosphatase, Calcium,Ca(2+)-Transporting ATPase,Calcium ATPase,Calcium Adenosinetriphosphatase,Adenosine Triphosphatase, Calcium,Ca2+ ATPase,Calcium-ATPase,ATPase, Ca2+,ATPases, Calcium-Transporting,Calcium Adenosine Triphosphatase,Calcium Transporting ATPases,Triphosphatase, Calcium Adenosine

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