Biomaterial Database

Intrathecal administration of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists or nitric oxide synthase inhibitor reduced autotomy behavior in rats. 1998

C S Wong, and C H Cherng, and C S Tung

Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. w82556@ndmc1.ndmctsgh.edu.tw

Peripheral nerve injury may produce neuropathic pain. At the spinal cord level, excitatory amino acid receptors play a role in nociceptive signal modulation. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation initiates the NO-cGMP pathway and further modulates nociceptive signal. Using the autotomy model, we examined the effect of an NMDA and a non-NMDA receptor antagonist, and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor in the treatment of autotomy behavior in rats. A right-side brachial plexus (C5-T1) transection was performed in all rats. In the treatment groups, MK-801, 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (a non-NMDA antagonist), and L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) were infused intrathecally via an osmotic pump for 7 days at doses of 10, 4, and 400 microg/h, respectively. Saline was infused to control animals. Autotomy behavior was observed daily for 8 wk. The incidence of autotomy was 85% in the control group. MK-801, the non-NMDA antagonist, and L-NAME reduced the autotomy incidence to 10%, 20%, and 10% (P < 0.0001), respectively. All treatments delayed the onset of the autotomy behavior from 15+/-4.5 days in the control group to 52+/-3.8, 43+/-5.6, and 54+/-2.9 (P < 0.001) days in the treatment groups, respectively. The average autotomy scores were also attenuated significantly by these treatments. We conclude that the excitatory amino acid receptors and their intracellular signal messenger NO play a role in deafferentation behavior development. Inhibition of this signaling pathway may be of use for neuropathic pain relief. CONCLUSIONS The excitatory amino acid receptors and their intracellular signal messenger NO play a role in deafferentation behavior development. Inhibition of this signaling pathway may be of use for neuropathic pain relief.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007278	Injections, Spinal	Introduction of therapeutic agents into the spinal region using a needle and syringe.	Injections, Intraspinal,Injections, Intrathecal,Intraspinal Injections,Intrathecal Injections,Spinal Injections,Injection, Intraspinal,Injection, Intrathecal,Injection, Spinal,Intraspinal Injection,Intrathecal Injection,Spinal Injection
D008297	Male		Males
D010147	Pain Measurement	Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.	Analgesia Tests,Analogue Pain Scale,Formalin Test,McGill Pain Questionnaire,Nociception Tests,Pain Assessment,Pain Intensity,Pain Severity,Tourniquet Pain Test,Visual Analogue Pain Scale,Analog Pain Scale,Assessment, Pain,McGill Pain Scale,Visual Analog Pain Scale,Analgesia Test,Analog Pain Scales,Analogue Pain Scales,Formalin Tests,Intensity, Pain,Measurement, Pain,Nociception Test,Pain Assessments,Pain Intensities,Pain Measurements,Pain Questionnaire, McGill,Pain Scale, Analog,Pain Scale, Analogue,Pain Scale, McGill,Pain Severities,Pain Test, Tourniquet,Questionnaire, McGill Pain,Scale, Analog Pain,Scale, Analogue Pain,Scale, McGill Pain,Severity, Pain,Test, Analgesia,Test, Formalin,Test, Nociception,Test, Tourniquet Pain,Tests, Nociception,Tourniquet Pain Tests
D010523	Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	Peripheral Nerve Diseases,Peripheral Neuropathies,PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) Diseases,PNS Diseases,Peripheral Nervous System Disease,Peripheral Nervous System Disorders,Nerve Disease, Peripheral,Nerve Diseases, Peripheral,Neuropathy, Peripheral,PNS Disease,Peripheral Nerve Disease,Peripheral Neuropathy
D003080	Cold Temperature	An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.	Cold,Cold Temperatures,Temperature, Cold,Temperatures, Cold
D004791	Enzyme Inhibitors	Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.	Enzyme Inhibitor,Inhibitor, Enzyme,Inhibitors, Enzyme
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012652	Self Mutilation	The act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body.	Autotomy Human,Self Mutilating Behavior,Autotomy Humans,Behavior, Self Mutilating,Mutilating Behavior, Self,Mutilation, Self,Self Mutilating Behaviors
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D016291	Dizocilpine Maleate	A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.	Dizocilpine,MK-801,MK 801,MK801