Neurotrophic action of lipocortin 1 derived from astrocytes on cultured rat cortical neurons. 1998

H Mizuno, and K Asai, and K Fujita, and K Uemura, and Y Wada, and A Moriyama, and H Ogawa, and S Kimura, and T Kato
Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City University Medical School, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467, Japan. hamizuno@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp

The lipocortins are a family of structurally related proteins, namely an annexin family, that exerts a variety of cellular functions through Ca2+-dependent binding to phospholipase A2 [EC 3.1. 1.4], including a crucial role in the central nervous system (CNS) such as antipyrogenic, thermoregulatory and neuroprotective agents in vivo. To elucidate the paradigm of lipocortin 1 functions in the CNS, we have first demonstrated (1) the induction and subsequent extracellular secretion of LC1 by glucocorticoid in cultured rat astrocytes, and (2) neurotrophic activities (survival-promoting, neuritogenic and synaptogenic actions on rat cortical neurons) of recombinant LC1. Time-and dose-dependent experiments of a synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), on rat cortical astrocytes in culture revealed that the expression of the intracellular LC1 mRNA and protein were significantly augmented by DEX (1 microM). In addition, DEX evoked an extracellular secretion of LC1 without its cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, the recombinant LC1 appeared to promote not only the survival and neurite outgrowth but also the synaptogenesis of embryonal rat cortical neurons. These results suggest that LC1 induced and selectively released from astrocytes by either endogenously or exogenously introduced glucocorticoids may play a specific and essential role on development and regeneration of the central nervous system.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007313 Insecta Members of the phylum ARTHROPODA composed or organisms characterized by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth with several hundred thousand different kinds. Three orders, HEMIPTERA; DIPTERA; and SIPHONAPTERA; are of medical interest in that they cause disease in humans and animals. (From Borror et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p1). Insects,Insect
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D010507 Periodicity The tendency of a phenomenon to recur at regular intervals; in biological systems, the recurrence of certain activities (including hormonal, cellular, neural) may be annual, seasonal, monthly, daily, or more frequently (ultradian). Cyclicity,Rhythmicity,Biological Rhythms,Bioperiodicity,Biorhythms,Biological Rhythm,Bioperiodicities,Biorhythm,Cyclicities,Periodicities,Rhythm, Biological,Rhythmicities,Rhythms, Biological
D010741 Phospholipases A Phospholipases that hydrolyze one of the acyl groups of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates.
D010957 Plasmids Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS. Episomes,Episome,Plasmid
D011994 Recombinant Proteins Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology. Biosynthetic Protein,Biosynthetic Proteins,DNA Recombinant Proteins,Recombinant Protein,Proteins, Biosynthetic,Proteins, Recombinant DNA,DNA Proteins, Recombinant,Protein, Biosynthetic,Protein, Recombinant,Proteins, DNA Recombinant,Proteins, Recombinant,Recombinant DNA Proteins,Recombinant Proteins, DNA
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D002540 Cerebral Cortex The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions. Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning

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