Dietary modification of high density lipoprotein phospholipid and influence on cellular cholesterol efflux. 1998

K L Gillotte, and S Lund-Katz, and M de la Llera-Moya, and J S Parks, and L L Rudel, and G H Rothblat, and M C Phillips
Department of Biochemistry, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.

African green monkeys fed fat-specific diets served as a model to investigate the effect of phospholipid acyl chain modification on high density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux. Diets enriched in saturated, monounsaturated, n-6 polyunsaturated, or n-3 polyunsaturated fats were provided during both low cholesterol and cholesterol-enriched stages; sera and HDL3 samples were obtained at specific points during the treatment period. Analysis of the HDL phospholipid composition revealed significant acyl chain modification, consistent with the respective fat-specific diet. Cholesterol efflux from mouse L-cell fibroblasts to HDL3 isolated from the specific diet groups was measured and revealed no differences in the abilities of the particles to accept cellular cholesterol; determination of the bidirectional flux of cholesterol between the cells and HDL3 species further demonstrated no effect of phospholipid acyl chain modification on this process. The effects of dietary modification of phospholipid acyl chains on cellular cholesterol efflux were directly examined by isolating the HDL phospholipid and combining it with human apolipoprotein A-I to form well-defined reconstituted HDL particles. These complexes did not display any differences with respect to their ability to stimulate cellular cholesterol efflux. Incubations with 5% sera further confirmed that the fat-specific diets do not influence cholesterol efflux. These results suggest that the established influences of specific dietary fats on the progression of atherosclerosis are due to effects on cholesterol metabolism other than the efflux of cellular cholesterol in the first step of reverse cholesterol transport.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008075 Lipoproteins, HDL A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. HDL lipoproteins, synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). Their major protein component is APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I. HDL also shuttle APOLIPOPROTEINS C and APOLIPOPROTEINS E to and from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during their catabolism. HDL plasma level has been inversely correlated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. High Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoproteins,alpha-Lipoprotein,alpha-Lipoproteins,Heavy Lipoproteins,alpha-1 Lipoprotein,Density Lipoprotein, High,HDL Lipoproteins,High Density Lipoproteins,Lipoprotein, High Density,Lipoprotein, High-Density,Lipoproteins, Heavy,Lipoproteins, High-Density,alpha Lipoprotein,alpha Lipoproteins
D010743 Phospholipids Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system. Phosphatides,Phospholipid
D002522 Chlorocebus aethiops A species of CERCOPITHECUS containing three subspecies: C. tantalus, C. pygerythrus, and C. sabeus. They are found in the forests and savannah of Africa. The African green monkey is the natural host of SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS and is used in AIDS research. African Green Monkey,Cercopithecus aethiops,Cercopithecus griseoviridis,Cercopithecus griseus,Cercopithecus pygerythrus,Cercopithecus sabeus,Cercopithecus tantalus,Chlorocebus cynosuros,Chlorocebus cynosurus,Chlorocebus pygerythrus,Green Monkey,Grivet Monkey,Lasiopyga weidholzi,Malbrouck,Malbrouck Monkey,Monkey, African Green,Monkey, Green,Monkey, Grivet,Monkey, Vervet,Savanah Monkey,Vervet Monkey,Savannah Monkey,African Green Monkey,Chlorocebus cynosuro,Green Monkey, African,Green Monkeys,Grivet Monkeys,Malbrouck Monkeys,Malbroucks,Monkey, Malbrouck,Monkey, Savanah,Monkey, Savannah,Savannah Monkeys,Vervet Monkeys
D002784 Cholesterol The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. Epicholesterol
D002791 Cholesterol, Dietary Cholesterol present in food, especially in animal products. Dietary Cholesterol
D004041 Dietary Fats Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados. Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary
D004042 Dietary Fats, Unsaturated Unsaturated fats or oils used in foods or as a food. Dietary Oils,Unsaturated Dietary Fats,Dietary Fat, Unsaturated,Dietary Oil,Fat, Unsaturated Dietary,Fats, Unsaturated Dietary,Oil, Dietary,Oils, Dietary,Unsaturated Dietary Fat
D005231 Fatty Acids, Unsaturated FATTY ACIDS in which the carbon chain contains one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds. Fatty Acids, Polyunsaturated,Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid,Unsaturated Fatty Acid,Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids,Acid, Polyunsaturated Fatty,Acid, Unsaturated Fatty,Acids, Polyunsaturated Fatty,Acids, Unsaturated Fatty,Fatty Acid, Polyunsaturated,Fatty Acid, Unsaturated,Unsaturated Fatty Acids
D005347 Fibroblasts Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Fibroblast
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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