Biomaterial Database

Sensitivity of yeast glycolytic enzymes to chloroquine. 1988

A Manhart, and H Kalisz, and H Holzer

Biochemisches Institut der Universität Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.

Chloroquine at pH 8.0 and 1mM [corrected] concentration inhibits about 30% glucose consumption and ethanol formation in yeast cells. Out of the 11 glycolytic enzymes assayed, phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate decarboxylase have been found to be most sensitive to chloroquine. Next sensitive are hexokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase. Kinetic studies with the three kinases studied revealed competitive inhibition of chloroquine with ATP (hexokinase, phosphoglycerate kinase) or ADP (pyruvate kinase).

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010735	Phosphoglycerate Kinase	An enzyme catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from 3-phospho-D-glycerate in the presence of ATP to yield 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate and ADP. EC 2.7.2.3.	Kinase, Phosphoglycerate
D010770	Phosphotransferases	A rather large group of enzymes comprising not only those transferring phosphate but also diphosphate, nucleotidyl residues, and others. These have also been subdivided according to the acceptor group. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.	Kinases,Phosphotransferase,Phosphotransferases, ATP,Transphosphorylase,Transphosphorylases,Kinase,ATP Phosphotransferases
D011767	Pyruvate Decarboxylase	Catalyzes the decarboxylation of an alpha keto acid to an aldehyde and carbon dioxide. Thiamine pyrophosphate is an essential cofactor. In lower organisms, which ferment glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide, the enzyme irreversibly decarboxylates pyruvate to acetaldehyde. EC 4.1.1.1.	2-Oxo Acid Carboxy-Lyase,Pyruvic Decarboxylase,alpha-Carboxylase,alpha-Ketoacid Carboxylase,2 Oxo Acid Carboxy Lyase,Acid Carboxy-Lyase, 2-Oxo,Carboxy-Lyase, 2-Oxo Acid,Carboxylase, alpha-Ketoacid,Decarboxylase, Pyruvate,Decarboxylase, Pyruvic,alpha Carboxylase,alpha Ketoacid Carboxylase
D011770	Pyruvate Kinase	ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase. A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of ATP. It has four isozymes (L, R, M1, and M2). Deficiency of the enzyme results in hemolytic anemia. EC 2.7.1.40.	L-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M1-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M2-Type Pyruvate Kinase,Pyruvate Kinase L,R-Type Pyruvate Kinase,L Type Pyruvate Kinase,M Type Pyruvate Kinase,M1 Type Pyruvate Kinase,M2 Type Pyruvate Kinase,Pyruvate Kinase, L-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M1-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M2-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, R-Type,R Type Pyruvate Kinase
D002738	Chloroquine	The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.	Aralen,Arechine,Arequin,Chingamin,Chlorochin,Chloroquine Sulfate,Chloroquine Sulphate,Khingamin,Nivaquine,Sulfate, Chloroquine,Sulphate, Chloroquine
D005285	Fermentation	Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.	Fermentations
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D005987	Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases	Enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE. Several types of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase exist including phosphorylating and non-phosphorylating varieties and ones that transfer hydrogen to NADP and ones that transfer hydrogen to NAD.	GAPD,Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase,Glyceraldehydephosphate Dehydrogenase,Phosphoglyceraldehyde Dehydrogenase,Triosephosphate Dehydrogenase,Dehydrogenase, Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate,Dehydrogenase, Glyceraldehydephosphate,Dehydrogenase, Phosphoglyceraldehyde,Dehydrogenase, Triosephosphate,Dehydrogenases, Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate,Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase
D006019	Glycolysis	A metabolic process that converts GLUCOSE into two molecules of PYRUVIC ACID through a series of enzymatic reactions. Energy generated by this process is conserved in two molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is the universal catabolic pathway for glucose, free glucose, or glucose derived from complex CARBOHYDRATES, such as GLYCOGEN and STARCH.	Embden-Meyerhof Pathway,Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway,Embden Meyerhof Parnas Pathway,Embden Meyerhof Pathway,Embden-Meyerhof Pathways,Pathway, Embden-Meyerhof,Pathway, Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas,Pathways, Embden-Meyerhof
D006593	Hexokinase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP and a D-hexose to ADP and a D-hexose 6-phosphate. D-Glucose, D-mannose, D-fructose, sorbitol, and D-glucosamine can act as acceptors; ITP and dATP can act as donors. The liver isoenzyme has sometimes been called glucokinase. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.1.1.	Hexokinase A,Hexokinase D,Hexokinase II