1-Propanol is used as a solvent for waxes, vegetable oils, resins, cellulose esters, and ethers, and is not considered harmful to humans by food and non-occupational exposures. However, workers are potentially exposed to 1-propanol by inhalation when it is used in the workplace. Thus, inhalation toxicity data are needed to assess the hazard of 1-propanol for workers safety. Five male and five female F344 rats were exposed to 1-propanol vapor for 4-weeks (6 h/day, 5 days/week) at concentrations of 0, 100, 400, and 1600 ppm in a whole-body inhalation chamber system. The actual exposure concentrations were 100.11 ± 5.10, 403.19 ± 12.31, and 1598.08 ± 139.58 ppm for the low, middle, and high dose groups, respectively. No clinical signs, significant mean body weight changes, significant changes of hematology or blood biochemistry results, or histopathological abnormalities were seen related to exposure to the test substance. Under the conditions of this study, the no-observed-adverse-effect level of 1-propanol was over 1600 ppm.