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Bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage in progressive systemic sclerosis: interlobar variability, lymphocyte subpopulations, and functional correlations. 1991

L Frigieri, and F Mormile, and N Grilli, and D Mancini, and G Ciappi, and G Pagliari, and M Magarò, and G Flamini
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.

Bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out in right middle and left upper lobes of 22 nonsmoking females suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis in order to assess interlobar differences and functional correlation of the BAL composition. The patients' age ranged from 20 to 66 years, and the mean disease duration was 10.4 years. The most frequent finding was a mild BAL lymphocytosis (right in 11 of 22 patients; left in 8 of 22), but eosinophilic (right in 11 of 22; left in 5 of 22 patients) and neutrophilic (right in 9 of 22 patients; left in 1 of 22) alveolitis was recognized as well. Differential counts suggestive of alveolitis limited to one of the lavaged lobes were demonstrated in about one fourth of the cases. Including increased cellularity among the criteria of pathological BAL fluid composition, 14% of the subjects showed bilateral BAL results within the normal range. OKT8-positive lymphocytes were significantly increased in 3 patients, but the mean values were not. Total lung capacity, vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s correlated inversely with BAL neutrophil (p less than 0.05) and granulocytic (p less than 0.01) differential counts; the strongest, positive correlation was demonstrated regarding the lymphocyte/granulocyte ratios (p less than 0.0005). In conclusion, several patterns of alveolitis as well as a bilaterally normal BAL composition were found in our series; moreover, even if inhomogeneous alveolitis did occur, a single lavage performed in the right middle lobe correctly detected or excluded the presence of an alveolitis in 95% of our patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008168 Lung Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood. Lungs
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011859 Radiography Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of X-RAYS or GAMMA RAYS, recording the image on a sensitized surface (such as photographic film). Radiology, Diagnostic X-Ray,Roentgenography,X-Ray, Diagnostic,Diagnostic X-Ray,Diagnostic X-Ray Radiology,X-Ray Radiology, Diagnostic,Diagnostic X Ray,Diagnostic X Ray Radiology,Diagnostic X-Rays,Radiology, Diagnostic X Ray,X Ray Radiology, Diagnostic,X Ray, Diagnostic,X-Rays, Diagnostic
D001992 Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung. Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Lavage Fluid,Lung Lavage Fluid,Bronchial Alveolar Lavage Fluid,Lavage Fluid, Bronchial,Lavage Fluid, Lung,Pulmonary Lavage Fluid,Alveolar Lavage Fluids,Bronchial Lavage Fluids,Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids,Lavage Fluid, Alveolar,Lavage Fluid, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluid, Pulmonary,Lavage Fluids, Alveolar,Lavage Fluids, Bronchial,Lavage Fluids, Bronchoalveolar,Lavage Fluids, Lung,Lavage Fluids, Pulmonary,Lung Lavage Fluids,Pulmonary Lavage Fluids
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D012595 Scleroderma, Systemic A chronic multi-system disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE. It is characterized by SCLEROSIS in the SKIN, the LUNGS, the HEART, the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, the KIDNEYS, and the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Other important features include diseased small BLOOD VESSELS and AUTOANTIBODIES. The disorder is named for its most prominent feature (hard skin), and classified into subsets by the extent of skin thickening: LIMITED SCLERODERMA and DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA. Sclerosis, Systemic,Systemic Scleroderma,Systemic Sclerosis
D015656 Respiratory Mechanics The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc. Breathing Mechanics,Breathing Mechanic,Mechanic, Breathing,Mechanic, Respiratory,Mechanics, Breathing,Mechanics, Respiratory,Respiratory Mechanic

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